# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2001-02-09 01:25+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: application/x-xml2pot; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING\n" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:14 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Free Software at Schools" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:15 #, no-c-format #. Tag: subtitle msgid "Installing and Maintaining a Debian-Edu Network" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:16 #, no-c-format #. Tag: subtitle msgid "Also Known as Skolelinux" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:17 #, no-c-format #. Tag: author msgid "Klaus Johnstad Ade" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:22 #, no-c-format #. Tag: address msgid "Norway,Oslo, Kampen klaus@inout.no klaus@skolelinux.no" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:32 #, no-c-format #. Tag: othercredit msgid "DonnaStevens" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:34 #, no-c-format #. Tag: contrib msgid "English translation and proofreading" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:36 #, no-c-format #. Tag: othercredit msgid "ManuelaBonath German translation qsysopr@freenet.de" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:41 #, no-c-format #. Tag: othercredit msgid "DavidWeichertC. German translation dcweichert@freenet.de" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:62 #, no-c-format #. Tag: holder msgid "Klaus Ade Johnstad" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:65 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This document is licensed under GNU General Public License" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:71 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Preface" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:72 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This document is written mainly because nobody else did it, and because it had to be done." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:73 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This document is NOT a general Linux book. It is not a document about Linux, but about &slx;. You must supplement reading this document with material from ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:75 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You use this document at your own risk! It is to be considered a constant work-in-progress." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:77 #, no-c-format #. Tag: preface msgid " The Strategy Behind Writing This Document[id=excuse] This document contains a rather large amount of screenshots, simply because I like to write according to the saying \"A picture can say more than a 1000 words.\" Placeholder for fixme[id=fixme] This is here to avoid errors referring to id=fixme during compilation of sgml-files, will be removed later " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:89 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Contributions to This Document" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:90 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I don't intend, nor do I have the time, to maintain this document alone, please read the chapter on how to contribute, by translating, fixing typos, code cleanup, etc" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:94 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Where and How to Get Help[id=help]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:96 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Mailing lists Belonging to the &slx; Project[id=maillists]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:97 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes when you are really stuck, and have no idea how to solve your problem, or maybe you don't even know how to formulate your problem, then it can be very comforting to know that there are several mailing lists out there dedicated to helping you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:98 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are various mailing lists out there, targeted at different types of users, and in different languages. Have a look at the web page " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:99 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have a look at for help on setting up and configuring the mail client KMail." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:103 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "IRC Chat Channel &slx;[id=irc]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:104 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Eine weitere Möglichkeit Hilfe zu erhalten, stellen die IRC Chat Räume von &slx; dar. Die Nutzer und Entwickler tummeln sich vornehmlich in den Räumen: #debian-edu, #skolelinux, #skolelinux.de auf dem Server irc.debian.org. Wobei in den beiden erstgenannten Räumen vornehmlich auf Englisch und im letztgenannten auf Deutsch kommuniziert wird." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:105 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Another place to get help is via IRC, channel: #skolelinux (IRCnet (irc.pvv.ntnu.no, irc.ifi.uio.no, irc.uib.no)). At the moment, this one is for Norwegian-speakers only." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:106 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have a look at for help on setting up and configuring the IRC-client KSirc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:109 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Inviting a &slx; Knowledgeable Person into Your Computer [id=sshtunnel]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:110 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "As long as your &slx; computer has network connection, it possible for someone else to remotely login to your computer with SSH and help you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:111 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First you need to create a user. Refer to for creating one. In the following, I assume that this newly-created user for this purpose has the username sshhelp. On the machine where your helping hand is logged in, you must also be able to login. Your helping hand must supply you with a username for this purpose; I will assume this username is helper. If the person that is going to help you is logged into a machine with the IP number 127.217.148.238, then you use the command ssh 127.217.148.238 -R 2100:localhost:22 -l helper to setup and start an SSH tunnel on port 2100. Your helping hand can use this SSH tunnel to log into your &slx; machine and help you. Now after you have started the SSH tunnel with the command above, your helper will be able to login to your machine with this command issued on his machine" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:115 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "ssh -l sshhelp -p 2100 localhost" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:117 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "It's normal that you see something like this the first time you connect to a machine via SSH: The authenticity of host 'bla bla (bla.bla)' can't be established.\n" "RSA key fingerprint is 32:0e:ef:60:f9:26:41:78:75:10:56:a4:29:23:0a:3e.\n" "Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?\n" "Just answer yes here." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:119 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please have a look at the manual page for SSH,man ssh, or write man:ssh in the address field in the browser/file manager Konqueror, so that you understand the different options used in the commands above. If you are reading this document online with Konqueror then just click here man:ssh" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:122 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Permanent Backdoor into a &slx; Machine with an SSH Tunnel [id=backdoor]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:123 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "There are places where the one in charge of the network is not you, and where this someone who is in charge of the network has blocked incoming SSH connections. If we could login to our server from anywhere, then our life as administrator would be very comfortable indeed. To overcome such showstoppers in the network, we have included in &slx; a script, that sets up an SSH tunnel, similar to the one in , but with an added feature; no need for a helper on the other side, the script handles this for us. This script is located in the package debian-edu-config and once this package is installed, the script is found in /etc/init.d/open-backdoor. This script needs some information from you to run correctly: \n" "RPORT=this is the port that you will be using on the remote machine that you use.\n" "RHOST=this is the DNS name, or IP number to the remote machine that you use. \n" "RUSER=this is the username on the remote machine that you use.\n" " If we take the values from , the script will look like this:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:126 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "RPORT=2100\n" "RHOST=127.217.148.238\n" "RUSER=help" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:129 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you have supplied the necessary parameters RPORT, RHOST and RUSER, you need to setup and configure the necessary SSH keys for the script, so that the script can setup the SSH tunnel automatically for you, without the intervention by a helping hand in . You must login as the user root on the machine where the backdoor-script is running; this can be a server, workstation or thin client server- your choice. Then you must run the command ssh-keygen -t dsa When asked for a passphrase, just leave that empty. After you have generated the SSH keys, you must transfer the public part of this key to the machine on the outside, and on this machine place it in the file .ssh/authorized_keys. Make sure you do this in a safe way, not via a Hotmail account. The best would be to use the SSH equivalent scp. You achieve this with the commands from the machine with the backdoor-script running, where you just generated the SSH keys, issue the command scp -p /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub RUSER@RHOST:~RUSER Then login to the remote machine, and issue the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:136 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "cat id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:140 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now, you should be able to start the backdoor script with the command /etc/init.d/open-backdoor start , and with the command ssh -l RUSER -p RPORT localhost you should be able to login from the remote machine to your &slx; machine, very comfortably." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:143 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the above commands you must replace the values for RPORT, RUSER and RHOST with those that apply to your situation." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:146 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now is definitely the time to brush up your knowledge of scp, man scp or write man:scp in the address field in Konqueror." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:149 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "(Man-in-the-Middle Attack)!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:150 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "If you have a backdoor script running on many different &slx; machines, then you will experience a frequent warning when trying to login to localhost \n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!\n" "Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!\n" "It is also possible that the RSA host key has just been changed.\n" "The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is\n" "ba:bc:68:4c:0b:72:4b:89:d3:04:00:c3:ab:8b:b8:98.\n" "Please contact your system administrator.\n" "Add correct host key in /home/klausade/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.\n" "Offending key in /home/klausade/.ssh/known_hosts:2\n" "RSA host key for localhost has changed and you have requested strict checking.\n" "Host key verification failed\n" " This is nothing to get scared about. It just means that you must delete (in this case line 2) the line in the file /home/klausade/.ssh/known_hosts containing localhost" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:157 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "More In-Depth Linux Documentation[id=linuxdoc]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:158 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There is an enormous amount of written material about every aspect concerning Linux and GNU. Online you'll find full in-depth books with +1000 pages, and shorter 1/2 DIN A4 pages. Your local bookstore should probably have at least 100 Linux relevant book titles available." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:159 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Documentation and Help Pages Already Installed" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:159 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Almost all programs and commands on your system come with a help page. These pages are available from the command line, like man ssh which gives you this: \n" "SSH(1) System General Commands Manual SSH(1)\n" "\n" "NAME\n" " ssh - OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)\n" "\n" "SYNOPSIS\n" " ssh [-l login_name] hostname | user@hostname [command]\n" "\n" " ssh [-afgknqstvxACNPTX1246] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]\n" " [-e escape_char] [-i identity_file] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]\n" " [-o option] [-p port] [-F configfile] [-L port:host:hostport] [-R\n" " port:host:hostport] [-D port] hostname | user@hostname [command]\n" "\n" "DESCRIPTION\n" " ssh (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for\n" " executing commands on a remote machine. It is intended to replace rlogin\n" " and rsh, and provide secure encrypted communications between two\n" " untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary\n" " TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel.\n" "\n" " ssh connects and logs into the specified hostname. The user must prove\n" " his/her identity to the remote machine using one of several methods\n" " depending on the protocol version used:\n" "They are also available graphically in Konqueror by writing in the address field man:ssh" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:161 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Help Pages in Konqueror" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:168 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 1: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:183 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Skåne Sjælland Linux User Group, Friheden til at skrive bøger(Freedom to Write Books)[id=sslug]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:184 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a Danish Linux User Group,(LUG - Linux User Group). They have about 1830 pages of very well-written Linux documentation- all in Danish. All of these pages can be downloaded or read online in various formats, such as html, ps, pdf, Palm Pilot." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:185 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These pages are organised into 15 different books; all available from Skåne Sjælland Linux User Group" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:188 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Linux Documentation Project [id=tldp]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:189 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "More in-depth books and guides are located in "The Linux Documentation Project"- all in English,as well as other languages." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:190 #, no-c-format #. Tag: citetitle msgid "The Linux Documentation Project" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:192 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A lot of already available documentation is ready to be installed on your &slx; machine. Have a look at what is available with apt-cache search ldp and also apt-cache search documentation|more scroll down the list with the spacebar, and install what you find interesting with the command apt-get install packagename if I wanted to install the package doc-linux-html I would issue the command apt-get install doc-linux-html look at section FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:201 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Manuals for OpenOffice.org[id=OOdoc]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:202 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The Norwegian Board of Education (Læringssenteret) have published small, handy manuals, in Norwegian for the different components of OpenOffice.org, such as Writer, Impress, Calc, Draw and the HTML-editor." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:203 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These manuals can be downloaded individually, or together (211 pages), from the Board of Education's web page at OpenOffice.org user manual" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:205 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This kind of OpenOffice.org material also exists in your language." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:209 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "LTSP, Linux Thin Client Server Project(LTSP)[id=ltspdoc]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:210 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The cornerstone to a well-functioning &slx; is the thin client. In order to get these thin clients running smoothly, there is a good piece of documentation, which is already translated into several languages, Linux Terminal Server Project" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:215 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Getting the "Right" Hardware[id=hardware]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:217 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&slx; Friendly Suppliers" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:218 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are suppliers of new and used hardware, tested with and sold pre-installed with &slx;. This means that, for a small amount of money, you can save a lot of time fiddling with incompatible hardware, and spend more time on improving &slx;. One such supplier in Norway is In/Out" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:222 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Firewall/Router[id=coyote]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:223 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The latest version of &cl; is 2.13" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:224 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A short summary on things you need to create a &cl; firewall/router for &slx;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:229 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "An old used computer, anything from Pentium 75MHz CPU and upward, with 16MB of RAM or more, no need for a hard drive or CD-ROM These are the hardware requirements for &cl; version 2.06. However, there are plans in the future to drop support for machines without a math co-processor, which will raise the minimum specification for the CPU to something in the neighbourhood of Pentium 133MHz. There are also plans to move from a floppy-run system, to a system where &cl; is installed on the hard drive. These new features will most likely come with version 3.0 of &cl;. 22.7.2004 it seems the support for machines without a math co-processor was removed with version 2.11 ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:237 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Two network cards, they can be type ISA or PCI. A mix is possible, 10Mbit or 100Mbit, support for 1Gbit should be available. Any type of network card supported by the Linux kernel is usable, but since there is no automatic detection of what kind of network card you are using, you must specify yourself when creating the &cl;-floppy which drivers your network card uses. This might change when moving to version 3.0 of &cl;; more available space on a hard drive gives room for more automation and tools. This means that it might be a bit troublesome to use no-name network cards. Personally, I prefer to use network cards from the manufacturer 3Com, as almost all PCI network cards from them use the module 3c59x." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:242 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Short List of Network cards I use with Success in my &cl; Machines, and Their Corresponding Driver Modules:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:244 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "3Com509 Module:3c509" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:248 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "3Com900 Module:3c59x" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:252 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Intel Ethernet Pro 100 Module:eepro100" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:255 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "3Com590 Module:3c59x" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:259 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "RTL8139 Module:8139cp or 8139too" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:264 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "2 diskettes, preferably new and unused" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:267 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "1 crossover network cable to connect &cl; via the LAN-network card to the &slx; eth0 network card" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:268 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This assumes a small &slx; network with only one machine on the 10.0.2/23-backbone network. For bigger installations, this crossover cable is replaced with a straight cable connected to a switch. Refer to network map at FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:273 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A machine with a floppy drive and an Internet connection, to download &cl;; this can either be a Linux machine or a Windows machine, &cl;. Source files exist for Linux and Windows- both produce a workable &cl; floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:274 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The procedure for making this &cl; floppy is similar on Linux and Windows, except that it's a command line script in Linux and a click&point thing in Windows." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:277 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Download a copy of &cl;, from coyotelinux.com, look in the section Downloads, then look in Coyote Linux - Floppy Firewall" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:277 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I keep a modified version of &cl; on my &slx; homepage. In that one I have set up the IP addresses correctly according to the &slx; network. Get it from http://www.skolelinux.no/~klaus/coyote-2.13-slx.tar.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:278 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "What you are looking for exists in mainly two versions, one for Linux,( Linux Floppy Creator Scripts),and the other one for Windows, ( Coyote Linux Windows Disk Creator). Choose the one that suits you best- the resulting floppy will be the same." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:282 newdriftbok.en.sgml:308 newdriftbok.en.sgml:336 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The hardware specifications listed here are based on my own experience; yours may vary." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:288 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Main Server[id=mainserver]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:289 newdriftbok.en.sgml:341 newdriftbok.en.sgml:385 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The function of this profile is further described in" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:290 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The hardware specification for this profile depends mainly on how many users you have." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:293 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You should opt for SCSI-disks, or SATA. Only use IDE-disks for small networks with few users." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:294 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The size of the disk (or the RAID) is dictated by how many users you have, and how much space you give each of them. See FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:298 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A network card of good quality, 100Mbit or 1000Mbit" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:301 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The CPU doesn't need to be very fast- about 500-1000MHz should do fine. This profile is mainly a file server profile." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:304 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "256MB-512MB RAM should be enough." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:312 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Thin Client Server[id=ltspserver]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:313 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The function of this profile is further described in FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:314 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The most important, absolutely important thing is plenty of high quality ECC RAM." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:317 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The amount of RAM you need depends on how many thin clients you have, and the pattern of use, see FIXME . The rule of thumb says 64-124MB RAM on the thin client server for each thin client you have and about 256MB for the server itself. For about 40-50 thin clients 4GB of RAM is sufficient, which is also the maximum amount of RAM that a ready-compiled Linux kernel for &slx; supports. See FIXME how to install a kernel with support for up to 4GB of RAM and multiprocessor(SMP). If you have more than 4GB of RAM in your server, then you must compile your own kernel with support for that. That is not (yet) the scope of this document, but the clue is to have in your kernel config file" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:317 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G=Y" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:320 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You definitely want to have two processors, that way one user can start a heavy process, such as Gimp, and lock up one CPU, and there will still be one easily available for the other users on the system. It's not crucial to have the fastest CPU available on the market, having two is more important." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:323 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "On a machine with the thin client server profile installed, no user data or home directories will be saved. All user data will be NFS-mounted In coming versions of &slx; we will try to implement AFS (Andrews File System)instead of NFS, from the machine with the profile main server. There is no need for a large disk on this machine, unless you choose to also use it as an external backup machine, see FIXME . A 9GB disk is enough for such a machine, but it should be SCSI, because of the heavy load with many thin clients." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:329 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You must have two network cards, of good quality. One card (eth0) will connect to the main server to get home directories; the other (eth1) will connect to the thin-client switch" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:333 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember that each thin client uses about 2Mbit of network bandwidth, which means that on a 100Mbit network, you can't have more than about 50 thin clients. If you need more than that, you must get more thin client servers, or invest in a 1Gbit network. I would choose more thin client servers." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:340 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Thin Client[id=thinclient]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:344 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You need a machine with a video card that is possible to configure automatically, otherwise you must manually configure the video card by hand. You do not want to use old onboard ISA-based video cards- they are just trouble." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:347 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You want to have a network card that is capable of a so-called PXE-boot. That means you won't need to make any boot floppies for the thin client, which is a bothersome thing. Boot floppies are bothersome to create, and they get lost. You need them every time you boot the thin client. With a PXE-card it's just plug&play- you turn on the machine, and that's it. PXE-network cards do cost a little bit more than normal network cards, but they're worth it, definitely." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:350 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "My Experience Says...." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:351 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I've too often seen that the money saved by not buying PXE-network cards, is wasted many times when trying to get ordinary network cards to work in thin clients. As a minimum, I recommend that you buy a couple of them, just to test, and to use when you just want to get a thin client up and running quickly." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:353 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you don't have PXE-network cards, you must create boot floppies for your cards. You should first have a look at , that is a kind of universal boot floppy, with support for the 30 most common network cards. If that one doesn't work with your network card, then you can visit rom-o-matic.com and follow the online instructions there for making boot floppies." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:356 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You need a minimum of 32MB RAMIt's possible in theory to get it to work with as little as 12MB of RAM, but it's not advisable. It goes rather slowly. in the &tc;. In newer versions of &slx;, present in Venus 1.0, there is the possibility to use swap over NFS to the &tc;. This is done automatically if you add the MAC address of your &tc; in /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf. Have a look at" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:361 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Your processor doesn't need to be faster than 100MHz." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:362 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "At the moment, we use ltsp3 in &slx;. With the newer ltsp4 that we might use in the future (although we might opt for less disks instead of ltsp in the future), there is an easy option to use the &tc; in a so-called half-thin way, with programs running from the hard drive on the &tc; itself. Then naturally you will need both a hard drive and a fast CPU." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:367 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There is absolutely no need for a hard drive. It just makes noise, generates heat and uses unnecessary power. Remove it, or disable it physically." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:370 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A floppy drive, if you want to use it in the &tc;, see FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:373 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A connector for USB, if you want to use it in the &tc;, see FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:376 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A PCI sound card, if you want to use sound on your &tc;- only advisable if you have enough bandwidth available. Sound consumes plenty of bandwidth, see FIXME" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:380 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Plenty of people have wanted and tried to get the CD-ROM to work in a &tc;, but without success. If you have managed to get it to work, please let me know." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:384 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Workstation[id=workstation]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:386 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The hardware requirement for this profile all depends on what you have available, the intended use of the machine, and how fast you want the machine to do things. Unlike the other server profiles such as main server and Thin-client server, this profile is mainly to be used by one user at a time, so making a \"bad\" hardware choice will only affect one user." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:387 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You will need a hard drive with a minimum size of about 1700MB plus 4 times the amount of RAM in the machine. There is no need for a big hard drive in this machine, unless you plan to use it as an external backup server FIXME . If you do have a really big hard drive in this machine, and would like to put it to good use, you could add another lv to the machine, and use it to save big files such as video, images, ISO-images, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:389 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have a rather small hard drive, but plenty of RAM, maybe as much as 940MB, then the swap partition alone would end up being almost 2GB big. If you think this is too much, then you can lower the amount of RAM that the installer sees by booting with the option Press F1 for help, or Enter to boot:linux mem=64mwhen you install &slx;. This way the installer only sees 64MB of RAM, and will only make a 128MB big swap partition, see . It is only during the first stage of installation that this low amount of RAM is seen by the system. Later all available RAM is visible and in use, but maybe you need to install a HIGHMEM-enabled kernel, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:392 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's also possible during installation to decide what size partitions the automatic partitioning will make. Have a look in directory /etc/autopartkit/ during install, use ALTF2 and the editor nano to edit those files. Note: this is for advanced users only." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:400 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Laptop[id=laptop]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:401 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "" "" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:414 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In &slx; versions prior to pre-release PR47 we had a rather old version of Xfree86. Now we include the backported version 4.2.1. If you had problems with the video card in your laptop with earlier versions of &slx;, you should see if Xfree86 4.2.1 is better for you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:420 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Firewall/Router for &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:424 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Hardware[id=coyotehardware]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:425 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A short summary of needed hardware for making &cl; for &slx;:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:429 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Should parse the contents somehow from , should be no need to write the same thing twice." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:432 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Latest Version of &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:433 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "&cl; is a product that undergoes continuously development, with several new releases each year." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:434 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "At the moment, date=16.10.2004, the latest stable version of &cl; is 2.13. This document is written while version 2.06 was stable, but there shouldn't be any major differences." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:440 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Placement of the &fw; in a &slx; Network[id=coyoteplacement]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:442 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Although I keep mentioning the necessary &fw; and &cl; in the same sentences, that doesn't mean that you must use &cl; for this purpose. You can use a dedicated router from any commercial manufacturer you like, or something similar to &cl; such as FloppyFirewall, Gibraltar. It's just that I personally prefer &cl;. You must just remember that whatever &fw; you use, it must be configured like" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:444 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The &fw; has a defined role in the &slx; network. Without it, the network will not function optimally." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:445 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "&cl; has two network cards, each having different roles. One network card is to be connected to the existing network, so that it gets connected to the Internet. In &cl;, this network interface is called WAN, eth1, Internet. The other card, which is to be connected to your &slx; network is called LAN, eth0, LAN network. This card is connected either directly to the &slx; mainserver with a crossover cable (for small networks), or via a switch making a so-called 10.0.2/23-backbone network." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:447 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Don't mix up the different roles of eth0 and eth1 in &cl; and &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:450 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "An Overview of Placement of the &fw; in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:456 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 2: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:460 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A similar diagram with an overview of a complete &slx; network is available in" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:462 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "FIXME, should be translated." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:467 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Creation of a &cl; Floppy[id=makefloppy]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:470 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I will briefly outline this procedure on a Windows machine in" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:473 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Basic Configuration of the &fw;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:475 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Regardless if you choose to create the &cl; floppy on a Linux or Windows machine, the following configuration must be used. This also applies to any other &fw; than &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:479 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "local network interface:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:480 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "IP Address: 10.0.2.1\n" "Netmask: 255.255.254.0\n" "Broadcast: 10.0.3.255\n" "Network: 10.0.2.0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:483 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Install the Big Pond login software? [y/n]:n" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:484 newdriftbok.en.sgml:489 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Press "n"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:485 newdriftbok.en.sgml:545 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I think this refers to some extra stuff you need if you happen to get net access from the provider Big Pond, but I'm not really sure. Anybody know?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:488 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Do you want to enable the Coyote DHCP-server [y/n]: n" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:491 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Since &slx; already has a DHCP-server running, you must disable the DHCP-server on your &fw;, and on any other machines you want to integrate into your &slx;-network. Having two DHCP-servers on the same network usually doesn't work very well." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:498 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have downloaded the &cl; source files, you need to unpack them. You must be superuser root to unpack them." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:498 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "tar zvxf coyote-2.06.tar.gz cd coyote ./makefloppysh" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:503 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If a new version of &cl; exists at the time you read this, then you must replace the version 2.06 in the commands above with the version number you have downloaded." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:509 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When creating a &cl; on a Linux machine, these are the questions asked, and the answers you should give:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:512 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Coyote floppy builder script v2.9\n" "\n" "Please choose the desired capacity for the created floppy:\n" "\n" "1) 1.44MB (Safest and most reliable but may lack space needed for\n" " some options)\n" "2) 1.68MB (Good reliability with extra space) - recommended\n" "3) 1.72MB (Most space but may not work on all systems or with all\n" " diskettes)\n" "\n" "Enter selection:2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:513 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Choose here what is recommended «1.68MB»" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:516 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select the processor type in the destination Coyote Linux system:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:518 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Choose «2) 486dx or better (has a math co-processor)» if you use a relatively new machine (newer than 486), if you make the wrong choice here you machine will not boot." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:520 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This question isn't present in newer versions of &cl;, since the support for machines without a math co-processor has been removed" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:524 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Please select the type of Internet connection that your system uses.\n" "\n" "1) Standard Ethernet Connection\n" "2) PPP over Ethernet Connection\n" "3) PPP Dialup Connection\n" "\n" "Enter Selection:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:525 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you would normally choose option 1)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:528 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Configuring system for Ethernet based Internet connection.\n" "By default, Coyote uses the following settings for the local network\n" "interface:\n" "\n" "IP Address: 192.168.0.1\n" "Netmask: 255.255.255.0\n" "Broadcast: 192.168.0.255\n" "Network: 192.168.0.0\n" "\n" "Would you like to change these settings? [Y/N]: y\n" "Enter local IP Address [192.168.0.1]: 10.0.2.1\n" "Enter local Netmask [255.255.255.0]: 255.255.254.0\n" "Enter local Broadcast [192.168.0.255]: 10.0.3.255\n" "Enter local network number [192.168.0.0]: 10.0.2.0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:529 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These network settings for the local network must be changed, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:532 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Does your Internet connection get its IP via DHCP? [y/n]:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:533 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Answer yes(y) or no(n), according to you network configuration." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:534 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you do not get IP via DHCP, you need to fill in some information:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:535 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Please enter the information for your static IP configuration\n" "Internet IP Address:\n" "Internet Subnet Mask [255.255.255.0]:\n" "Internet Broadcast [Enter = Default]:\n" "Internet Gateway Address:\n" "Domain Name:\n" "DNS Server 1:\n" "\n" "DNS Server 2 (optional):" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:539 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enter your DHCP hostname:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:540 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Normally you can leave this one blank" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:544 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Install the Big Pond login software? [y/n]:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:548 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Do you want to enable the Coyote DHCP server? [y/n]: n" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:549 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you must answer «n»!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:552 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "If you don't know what a DMZ is, just answer NO\n" "Do you want to configure a De-Militarized Zone? [Y/N]: n" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:553 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here can press just «n»" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:556 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "You now need to specify the module name and parameters for your network cards.\n" "\n" "If you are using PCI or EISA cards, leave the IO and IRQ lines blank.\n" "\n" "Enter the module name for you local network card:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:557 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the tricky part, knowing what kind of driver modules to use for your network cards; even knowing what kind of network cards you have is sometimes difficult. Have a look at for an overview of available driver modules. Remember to not use the ending .o when writing what driver module to use." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:558 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I prefer newer cards from 3Com. Almost all of them use the driver module 3c59x." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:561 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Syslog server address:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:562 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This you can leave blank." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:564 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It should be possible to use the &slx; mainserver as Syslog server, but I haven't tried this yet. The address to use would then be 10.0.2.2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:571 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You must now insert a floppy in the machine. Remember to turn the write protection off. The creation of the floppy will take a few minutes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:575 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Creating a &cl; Floppy on a Windows Machine[id=clwin]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:576 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you create the floppy on a Windows machine, it's almost the same procedure as with Linux." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:579 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Downloading the Source Files for Windows" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:585 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 3: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:594 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Windows Can't Find the Necessary dll" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:600 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 4: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:603 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This error appears when you click on the wrong &cl; exe-file." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:609 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Windows Creator Welcome Image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:615 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 5: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:618 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you just press 'Next'" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:624 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Local Network Setup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:630 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 6: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:633 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you must fill in the necessary network information; see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:637 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Filling in the correct values for IP address and Netmask will make &cl; correctly calculate the values for Broadcast address and Network address" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:641 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Setting a Password on the &cl; Floppy" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:647 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 7: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:650 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Without this password, you can't logon your &cl; machine later, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:656 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Syslog Server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:662 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 8: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:665 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Just leave this blank, or have a look at" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:669 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Type of Internet Connection" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:675 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 9: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:678 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Choose whatever is most appropriate for you. If you get a DHCP-assigned address, then it is likely that you will not need to give any more information about your connection." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:684 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Static IP configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:690 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 10: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:693 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "\\ If you have a static address, then fill in the appropriate values here." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:699 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Do not enable the &cl; DHCP-server!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:705 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 11: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:708 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "\\ Do not enable the &cl; DHCP-server. There is already one running on the mainserver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:714 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Choosing Driver Modules for Your Network Cards" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:720 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 12: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:723 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Drag and drop to choose the correct network cards in your &cl; machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:730 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Creating the Disk" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:736 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 13: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:739 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Place a floppy in the floppy drive, and press 'Next'." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:746 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Upgrading to Newer Versions of &cl;[id=clupgrade]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:748 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This chapter should be moved to after the introductions to available commands in &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:750 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "&cl; is a product that is in active development and maintenance, just like &slx;. That means that new versions are released quite often, with new features and security fixes. Especially because of the security fixes, you should always use the latest stable version of &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:751 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Since &cl; runs solely from floppy, there is no system, per se, to upgrade. You must create a totally new floppy, as in . To make this process as easy as possible, there are some simple things to keep in mind." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:754 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Finding out what kind of network cards you have: If you have forgotten what kind of network cards you use and didn't write it down somewhere, then you can use the command lsmod to list all loaded driver modules that are in use. Maybe that way you'll remember which network cards you have." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:755 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# lsmod\n" "Module Size Used by\n" "3c509 7732 2\n" "ip_nat_quake3 1768 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_mms 2608 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_h323 2060 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_amanda 876 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_irc 1904 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_ftp 2384 0 (unused)\n" "ip_conntrack_quake3 1848 1\n" "ip_conntrack_mms 2704 1\n" "ip_conntrack_h323 2065 1\n" "ip_conntrack_egg 2280 0 (unused)\n" "ip_conntrack_amanda 1488 1\n" "ip_conntrack_irc 2672 1\n" "ip_conntrack_ftp 3440 1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:757 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In this listing of loaded modules you see that the network card 3Com509 is in use, twice. For a list of supported modules, look in" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:758 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It would be best to write down somewhere what network cards you use in the machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:771 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "What kind of port forwarding do you have?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:772 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Information about your port forwarding rules, if you have made any, is in the file /etc/coyote/portforwards" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:773 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# more /etc/coyote/portforwards\n" "port Y 10.0.2.2 tcp 2333 22 # Example - Secondary SSH" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:779 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Bootup[id=clboot]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:780 #, no-c-format #. Tag: sect1 msgid " There are two &nic; in your &cl;, one (LAN) is connected to the &slx; server, either directly with a crossover cable, or via a switch, the other (WAN) is your network connection. Sometimes it can be a bit difficult to determine which of your &nic;s is which, especially if they are both of the same brand. The procedure I use to determine which card is which, is to use a crossover cable and connect it to the &nic; in the &slx; main server. First I start the &cl; without any cable in the &nic;s, then I use the crossover cable to connect &cl; with the &slx; main server. Then I login to the main server and try to ping the &cl; machine with the command ping 10.0.2.1 or alternatively try to ping the main server from &cl; with the command logged in at &cl; ping 10.0.2.2. When you get an answer, like 64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.84 ms, then you have found the &nic; on the &cl; that is to be labelled as LAN. Then we know that the other &nic; is WAN. This procedure will only work as long as you have managed to configure the LAN &nic; properly, as indicated during boot by the line LAN network: UP It's normal that you see WAN network: down at this point, since you have booted without any cables in the &nic;s. Once you have determined the role of each &nic;, then you reboot with all the cables connected. Different Names Used for the &nic;s[id=clnicnames] The two &nic;s are called various names in &cl;. It's a bit confusing and inconsistent. Here is an overview: The Various Names Used for the &nic;s in &cl; This one goes to the existing network Internet eth1 WAN This one goes to the &slx; network LAN network eth0 LAN
" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:819 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Boot your &cl;, making sure the &cl; floppy is in the floppy drive, and that the machine has been configured in BIOS to boot from floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:822 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Starting up &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:828 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 14: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:832 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Generating DSS keys- this will take several minutes on a slow system." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:834 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Generating DSS Keys" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:840 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 15: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:844 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If all goes well, you will see the &cl; text-based login screen. You will recognise that all has gone well when you see the magic words" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:845 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "LAN network: UP\n" "WAN network: UP" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:845 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In this screenshot, both &nic;s are defect." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:846 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "FIXME, replace with a screenshot where &nic;s work." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:848 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Login" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:854 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 16: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:862 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It appears that the &nic; (LAN) that goes to the &slx; network is not working: DOWN" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:866 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have configured your &nic; according to but it's still not working, then maybe you have chosen the wrong driver module for your &nic;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:870 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It appears that the &nic; (WAN) that is connected to the Internet is not working: DOWN" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:873 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are two obvious reasons why the WAN &nic; is not UP:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:877 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You are trying to connect using the wrong Internet connection type. Have a look again at" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:878 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have a connection with a DHCP-assigned address, and not a static one, then there must be a physical connection with a network cable between &cl; and the connection." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:881 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You have chosen the wrong driver module for this &nic;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:882 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You could try to login to &cl; and then first choose q) to get out of the &cl; menu, then issue the command dmesg|more use SPACE to page. Look for references to eth0 and eth1. Look at for a reminder about what eth0 and eth1 means. There is usually an indicator there as to what the problem is." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:890 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I have tried several different driver modules for my &nic;s, but I still haven't found the correct driver." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:893 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have you had a look at this web page containing info about &nic; and corresponding driver modules for &cl;? " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:901 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Command Line Login[id=cllogin]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:902 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can now login using the command line, with the username root, and empty password, which is the only user available in &cl;. The first thing you must do is to set the root password for your &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:903 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you made the &cl; floppy on Windows, then you have already set the root password. So you don't need to do so now, but you must use this password to login to &cl;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:905 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you don't set any password on your &cl;, then anybody can gain access to it by going to the address " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:907 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You must set the root password, also called the system password, immediately for &cl;!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:910 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "coyote login: root" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:911 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This what you see when login to &cl; the Menu;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:913 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Menu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:919 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 17: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:924 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you must do, is change the root password. Choose 2) Change system password, do so by pressing «2» then press ENTER" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:927 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Changing the Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:933 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 18: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:938 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You choose a password, minimum 5 characters, maximum 8 characters, which you type twice. Be aware that there is no output to the screen when you type the password, in case someone is looking over your shoulder." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:939 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Password changed.\n" "Updating webadmin password...\n" "\n" "Press ENTER to return to system menu." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:940 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If this is the feedback you get from &cl;, then you have successfully changed the root password." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:941 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Since &cl; runs from floppy, and stores everything in RAM, which is lost when you reboot &cl;, you must save this new password to the floppy. Do this by choosing w) Write configuration to disk" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:942 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Your new password is saved to the &cl; floppy when you see this:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:943 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Backup script complete. Press ENTER to return to menu." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:944 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All changes you have made to &cl;, are now saved to the floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:945 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can now reboot &cl;, and you will see that the new password is in use. You can reboot &cl; by pressing the ON/OFF-button on your &cl; machine, or by choosing r) Reboot system from the &cl; Menu." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:946 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have managed to get both &nic;s working, and &cl; have a network connection, then you don't need to login using the command line anymore. In the future, you can use your web browser to login to &cl;, look at" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:947 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When choosing q) quit you will end up at the command line in &cl; if you need to go back to the &cl; Menu, then type menu and press ENTER." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:947 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "See for a list of a few useful commands you can use from the command line in &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:951 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Web Administrator[id=clgui]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:952 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "&cl; has a nice and well-functioning web administrator that lets you perform almost all day-to-day operations. Point your web browser to the address " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:953 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "At this address you will be met by the &cl; web administrator. Click on the link, and then write in the username root and the password you made, refer to" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:955 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Web Administrator" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:961 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 19: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:966 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All options and choices are done in the Main Menu to the left." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:969 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; Main Menu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:975 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 20: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:982 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Show configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:983 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Choosing this will give you the status of your &nic;s, the IP addresses they have, uptime of &cl;, load and such." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:986 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "LAN configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:987 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you have the option of changing the configuration of the LAN &nic;, the one that goes to the &slx; network. Don't change anything here! Doing so will severely reduce the performance of your &slx; network. FIXME Should parse the contents of change_ip_setup in here, later. Leave the values as they are, refer to ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:997 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Internet configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:998 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you have the chance of changing the values of your WAN &nic;, the one that goes to Internet. If you get a new ISP, or go from getting your IP address assigned by DHCP to having a static IP address, then this is the place to change that kind of information with no need for creating a new &cl; floppy from scratch. See" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1001 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "DHCP configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1002 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This gives you the chance to configure the DHCP-server that comes with &cl;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1003 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Do not enable the DHCP-server in &cl;! See" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1008 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Administrative Configurations" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1009 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you can enable/disable services such as DNS, SSH, webadmin." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1012 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Optional Configs" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1013 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is where you can change things such as the NTP-server (external machine that keeps accurate time. I use the value Remote Time Server:ntp.uio.no, and Time Zone: CET to keep the clock in my &cl; accurate. It should be possible to use mainserver as NTP-server." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1017 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Port Forwarding" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1018 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you can change and enable port forwarding on &cl;. This is a very practical and neat feature in a &slx; network. Since &cl; stops and blocks most connections, even passing SSH, it's nice to be able to use port forwarding and that way still get past &cl; with incoming SSH-connection to the &slx; network." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1019 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "With this port forwarding rule" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1020 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Yes TCP Any 22 10.0.2.2 22 No SSH straight into Mainserver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1021 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "all SSH-connections coming to &cl; will be redirected to the &slx; main server. If this is advisable in your network, you must decide." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1024 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Firewall Configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1025 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you can setup and configure the firewall rules in &cl;. There are plenty of ready-made rules that you can use as examples." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1029 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "System password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1030 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you can change the root password, also known as the system password in &cl;, just like you did using the command line in ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1034 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Configuration file" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1035 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the file that contains all your configurations." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1039 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Backup configuration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1040 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have made any changes in &cl;, then you must remember to write them to floppy, by choosing this Main Menu item, otherwise your changes will be gone when you reboot &cl;. There is a red warning at the bottom of the screen whenever you make changes to &cl; without having them written to the floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1043 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Reboot system" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1044 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you need to reboot &cl;, you can do so from this Main Menu item. You will have to reconfirm this option." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1045 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Are you sure you want to reboot \n" " the system?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1050 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Login via SSH[id=clssh]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1051 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it might be necessary to login to &cl; when there is no web browser available, or if you prefer to use the command line. Then you can use ssh to connect to &cl;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1052 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you are logged in to a machine in the &slx; network, then you use ssh -l root 10.0.2.1 to login to &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1053 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you are outside of the &slx; network, you must replace the value 10.0.2.1 with the appropriate value as seen for &nic; WAN in . In this case, it would be" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1053 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "ssh -l root 192.168.1.10" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1054 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You will be met by almost the same choices as when logged into the &cl; web administrator, but presented in a text-based menu." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1055 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Coyote Linux Gateway -- Configuration Menu\n" "\n" "\n" " 1) Edit main configuration file 2) Change system password\n" " 3) Edit rc.local script file 4) Custom firewall rules file\n" " 5) Edit firewall configuration 6) Edit port forward configuration\n" "\n" " c) Show running configuration f) Reload firewall\n" " r) Reboot system w) Write configuration to disk\n" "\n" " q) quit e) Exit\n" " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n" " Selection:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1056 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You have almost the same options as when logged into the &cl; web administrator, see for a brief description of the different choices." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1057 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When choosing q) quit you will end up at the command line in &cl; if you need to go back to the &cl; Menu, then type menu and press Enter." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1059 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you see this when trying to login to &cl;:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1060 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "klaus@tjener:~$ ssh 10.0.2.1 -l root\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @\n" "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n" "IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!\n" "Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!\n" "It is also possible that the RSA host key has just been changed.\n" "The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is\n" "34:b7:a3:9b:06:4c:e2:30:1b:0d:03:45:7b:22:b7:dd.\n" "Please contact your system administrator.\n" "Add correct host key in /skole/tjener/home0/klaus/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.\n" "Offending key in /skole/tjener/home0/klaus/.ssh/known_hosts:27\n" "RSA host key for 10.0.2.1 has changed and you have requested strict checking.\n" "Host key verification failed." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1062 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then it is most likely because you had previously logged into a different machine with the IP address 10.0.2.1, or you have changed a &nic; in &cl;, or it is really a man-in-the-middle attack. The solution is to remove the offending key, in this case it's line number 27, in file /skole/tjener/home0/klaus/.ssh/known_hosts." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1065 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Useful Commands in &cl;[id=clcommands]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1067 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Useful commands in &cl;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1069 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "ping" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1070 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Useful to find out if the network is working. This command will see if there is any connection to &slx; main server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1071 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# ping -c5 10.0.2.2\n" "PING 10.0.2.2 (10.0.2.2): 56 data bytes\n" "64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.9 ms\n" "64 bytes from 10.0.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.5 ms" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1074 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#uptime" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1075 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This command gives you the time &cl; has been running since last boot." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1076 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# uptime\n" " 2:37pm up 80 days, 7:55, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1079 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#dmesg" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1080 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This command prints the information that the Linux kernel has found on your machine, things such as amount of RAM, CPU, &nic;s. If the output from dmesg is too much for the size of your screen, then you can pipe the output to the pager 'more', and use SPACE to read it all," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1081 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "dmesg|more" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1084 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#ifconfig" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1085 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Shows verbose information about your &nic;s." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1086 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# ifconfig\n" "eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:DA:43:7A:E9\n" " inet addr:10.0.2.1 Bcast:10.0.3.255 Mask:255.255.254.0\n" " UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1\n" " RX packets:27541711 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n" " TX packets:34408201 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n" " collisions:0 txqueuelen:100\n" " RX bytes:4029268333 (3842.6 MiB) TX bytes:2039998168 (1945.4 MiB)\n" " Interrupt:14 Base address:0x8000\n" "\n" "eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:27:74:66:3B\n" " inet addr:193.116.174.121 Bcast:193.156.179.127 Mask:255.255.255.128\n" " UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1\n" " RX packets:34739492 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n" " TX packets:25470323 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n" " collisions:0 txqueuelen:100\n" " RX bytes:2060262113 (1964.8 MiB) TX bytes:3837976022 (3660.1 MiB)\n" " Interrupt:12 Base address:0x1000\n" "\n" "lo Link encap:Local Loopback\n" " inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0\n" " UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1\n" " RX packets:83 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n" " TX packets:83 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n" " collisions:0 txqueuelen:0\n" " RX bytes:9112 (8.8 kiB) TX bytes:9112 (8.8 kiB)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1089 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#lsmod" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1090 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This command lists loaded driver modules- useful to see which driver modules are used by the &nic;s." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1091 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# lsmod\n" "Module Size Used by\n" "eepro100 17516 1\n" "3c59x 24408 1\n" "mii 1852 0 [eepro100]\n" "ip_nat_quake3 1608 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_mms 2448 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_h323 2044 0 (unused)\n" "ip_nat_amanda 1020 0 (unused)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1092 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In this listing, you'll see that the &nic; driver modules Intel pro100 and 3com series 3c59x which include 3c590, 3c595, 3c900, 3c905 are loaded. See" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1095 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#route" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1098 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#traceroute" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1099 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Useful to trace the route a network packet takes; a nice way to find out where the problem really lies." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1103 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#showcfg" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1104 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Another command that gives information about the state of the &nic;s." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1105 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Coyote running configuration display utility.\n" "\n" "Internet up (eth1): YES\n" "Local network up (eth0): YES\n" "\n" "---------------Internet configuration------------\n" "IP Address 193.156.172.101 (DHCP Assigned)\n" "Netmask 255.255.255.128\n" "Gateway 193.116.172.1\n" "---------------Local configuration---------------\n" "IP Address 10.0.2.1\n" "Netmask 255.255.254.0\n" "Broadcast 10.0.3.255\n" "---------------Resolver configuration------------\n" "domain holmlia.gs.oslo.no\n" "nameserver 193.156.192.40\n" "nameserver 193.156.192.50\n" "-------------------------------------------------\n" "2:52pm up 80 days, 8:09, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1108 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#free" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1109 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Use this command to see how much RAM you have in the machine, and how much is being used. This machine has 32MB of RAM." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1110 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "coyote# free\n" " total used free shared buffers\n" " Mem: 30860 6004 24856 0 0\n" " Swap: 0 0 0\n" "Total: 30860 6004 24856" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1113 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "coyote#menu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1114 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This commands starts the &cl; Menu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1115 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Coyote Linux Gateway -- Configuration Menu\n" "\n" "\n" " 1) Edit main configuration file 2) Change system password\n" " 3) Edit rc.local script file 4) Custom firewall rules file\n" " 5) Edit firewall configuration 6) Edit port forward configuration\n" "\n" " c) Show running configuration f) Reload firewall\n" " r) Reboot system w) Write configuration to disk" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1137 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; as an Ordinary DHCP-Server in a Non-&slx; Network" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1138 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "&cl; is a perfect candidate if you just need a DHCP-server for your network, regardless of what type of machines you have in your network- Linux, Windows or Mac." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1139 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The only thing you have to configure differently, is to enable the DHCP-server. See" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1140 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A short summary of making a &cl; DHCP-server:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1142 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; as an Ordinary DHCP-server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1144 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to answer Yes to the question «Do you want to enable the Coyote DHCP-server [y/n]:»" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1146 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once you have your &cl; DHCP-server running, you will probably need to use a different address to login to it, if you didn't change the default LAN configuration:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1147 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Configuring system for Ethernet based Internet connection\n" "\n" "\n" "By default, Coyote uses the following settings for the local network\n" "interface:\n" "\n" "IP Address: 192.168.0.1\n" "Netmask: 255.255.255.0\n" "Broadcast: 192.168.0.255\n" "Network: 192.168.0.0\n" "\n" "Would you like to change these settings? [Y/N]: n" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1148 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "then you'll have to use the address 192.168.0.1 instead of 10.0.2.1 when logging in to the &cl; web administrator, see and" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1150 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The new addresses are in this case:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1152 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "ssh -l root 192.168.0.1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1163 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&cl; and different ISP[id=clisp]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1165 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I have not yet encountered an ISP that didn't work with &cl;. Please tell me if you know of one." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1167 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is list of ISP's that I know work well with &cl;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1170 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Nextgentel, Norway" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1173 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Tele2 ADSL Privat, Norway" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1176 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Tele2 ADSL Bedrift, Norway" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1179 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "UPC Chello Classis, Norway" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1182 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Utdanningsetaten (The Department of Education) in Oslo (Not yet tested on InnsIKT-schools)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1183 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Due to a strange network policy at the Department of Education in Oslo, you must make the following changes at your mainserver:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1184 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the file /etc/bind/named.conf change the following stanza:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1185 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "// forwarders {\n" " // By special request from the good people inside the Dept of Education in\n" " // Oslo:\n" " // 193.156.192.40;\n" " // 193.156.192.50;\n" " // Dept. of Education in Oslo end of block\n" " // 0.0.0.0;\n" " // };" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1187 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "change it to" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1188 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "forwarders {\n" " // By special request from the good people inside the Dept of Education in\n" " // Oslo:\n" " 193.156.192.40;\n" " 193.156.192.50;\n" " // Dept. of Education in Oslo end of block\n" " // 0.0.0.0;\n" " };" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1190 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "That means removing the comment-slashes in front of forwarders." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1191 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you don't do this, you will not be able to connect to the Internet due to DNS problems, and some BSD-network guy at the Department of Education will bite your head off." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1193 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have made this change in /etc/bind/named.conf, you must restart bind, with" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1194 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "/etc/init.d/bind9 restart" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1195 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Earlier versions of &slx; used an older version of bind. The restart script was then placed in /etc/init.d/bind restart" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1200 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Telenor ADSL, Norway" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1202 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Høgskolen i Oslo (Oslo College)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1203 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You must make the same bind changes as with the Department of Education Oslo,/etc/bind/named.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1209 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Supported &nic; and Driver Modules Used[id=clmodules]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1211 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Supported &nic; and Driver Modules Used" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1212 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the list of driver modules included with &cl;. All of the driver modules for &nic;s are also listed." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1213 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "tjener:/home/klaus/coyote/data/kernel/drivers# ls\n" "3c501.o ewrk3.o ne.o\n" "3c503.o fealnx.o ni5010.o\n" "3c505.o hp100.o ni52.o\n" "3c507.o hp.o ni65.o\n" "3c509.o hp-plus.o pcnet32.o\n" "3c515.o ip_conntrack_amanda.o ppp_async.o\n" "3c59x.o ip_conntrack_egg.o ppp_deflate.o\n" "8139cp.o ip_conntrack_ftp.o ppp_generic.o\n" "8139too.o ip_conntrack_h323.o pppoe.o\n" "82596.o ip_conntrack_irc.o pppox.o\n" "8390.o ip_conntrack_mms.o ppp_synctty.o\n" "ac3200.o ip_conntrack_quake3.o sch_htb.o\n" "amd8111e.o ip_conntrack_rtsp.o sch_ingress.o\n" "at1700.o ip_conntrack_talk.o sch_sfq.o\n" "b44.o ip_conntrack_tftp.o sis900.o\n" "bsd_comp.o ip_nat_amanda.o slhc.o\n" "cls_fw.o ip_nat_cuseeme.o smc9194.o\n" "cls_u32.o ip_nat_ftp.o smc-ultra.o\n" "cs89x0.o ip_nat_h323.o softdog.o\n" "de4x5.o ip_nat_irc.o starfire.o\n" "depca.o ip_nat_mms.o sundance.o\n" "dgrs.o ip_nat_quake3.o tlan.o\n" "dmfe.o ip_nat_rtsp.o tulip.o\n" "e100.o ip_nat_talk.o typhoon.o\n" "e2100.o ip_nat_tftp.o via-rhine.o\n" "eepro100.o lance.o wd.o\n" "eepro.o lp486e.o winbond-840.o\n" "eexpress.o mii.o zlib_deflate.o\n" "epic100.o natsemi.o zlib_inflate.o\n" "eth16i.o ne2k-pci.o" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1216 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Special Case of 3Com 509 ISA &nic;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1217 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a very popular &nic;. My &cl; has two of them, both produced in 1989, and running continuously for about 3 years in my &cl;. Once you have managed to get them running, they will probably run for a long time. It's just a bit difficult sometimes to get them running." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1218 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "They are ISA type, which means their IO, IRQ and such must be configured by hand, not automatically, which can be quite a challenge, especially if you use two of them in a machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1219 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The IO and IRQ on these cards must be configured with a old DOS-configuration program, which can be a bit hard to find these days." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1220 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This DOS-configuration program is called 3c5x9cfg.exe, and you use it like this;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1223 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Boot the machine into DOS, either MS-DOS or Freedos, or any other DOS variant. Using a W95 or W98 boot floppy is one way of doing it." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1226 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once the machine is in DOS, insert the floppy with the program 3c5x9cfg.exe, and run it by typing 3c5x9cfg.exe using the DOS command line." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1229 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once 3c5x9cfg.exe is started, then with each of your 3c509 &nic;, configure them with the option 'auto'" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1236 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There have been reports of problems with two 3c509's in the same machine when one of the cards is a combo type, which is a type of card that has several different types of network connectors." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1239 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's possible to find 3c5x9cfg.exe here: Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1247 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Further Information about &cl;[id=clinfo]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1250 #, no-c-format #. Tag: ulink msgid "&cl; homepage" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1252 #, no-c-format #. Tag: ulink msgid "&cl; userforum, high activity" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1254 #, no-c-format #. Tag: ulink msgid "Coyote Linux, FAQ, choose 2.x - General" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1258 #, no-c-format #. Tag: ulink msgid "Another FAQ by Todd VerBeek" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1264 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "&slx; Installation[id=installation]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1266 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Keyboard Layout" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1269 #, no-c-format #. Tag: remark msgid "FIXME Should add a keyboard map here" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1269 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The installation of &slx; is purely text-based- no use for a mouse. Maybe someone in the future will add the possibility to play Solitaire during installation. This means that all choices are marked and done using the keyboard only. Let me remind you of the placement of the keys used during installation, and their purpose." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1280 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "SPACE is the very long key at the bottom of the keyboard. During installation, this is used to mark a choice." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1285 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "ENTER is the big key to the right on the keyboard which is used during installation to execute your choice. It's sometimes referred to as RETURN" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1290 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "TAB is to the left on your keyboard. Normally it has two arrows, pointing in opposite directions. It is used during installation to jump between different menu choices in the installer." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1295 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "BACKSPACE is not used during installation, but it's nice to know where it is. It's normally placed above ENTER. It normally has a picture of a rubber with a X inside." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1302 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The installation of the different &slx; profiles, mainserver, Thinclientserver and workstation are almost identical during the first and second stages of installation." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1304 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I will not go into the details about the last two available profiles in &slx;,standalone and standalone-extras. They are not really part of the &slx; network, but are meant for home use." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1306 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First, you need to make sure the machine is able to boot from the CD-ROM." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1307 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Network Architecture[id=architecture]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1309 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This section should be it's own chapter, with plenty of diagrams." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1310 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The intro by pere should be used in the preface." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1312 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is based on http://developer.skolelinux.no/arkitektur/arkitektur.html" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1314 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Preparing the Machine to Boot from CD-ROM[id=bios]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1315 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Maybe your machine is already configured to boot from the CD-ROM. Start your machine with the &slx; CD in the CD-ROM." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1316 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you then see something similar to the screenshot in , then you can skip straight to ; otherwise, keep on reading." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1317 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If your machine has the BIOS option to boot from CD-ROM, then setting the CD-ROM as the first boot option in the BIOS may help. Later when the first stage of installation is over, you should change it back, so that the machine will boot from the hard drive." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1318 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Normally, when you turn the computer on, you will see how to enter the BIOS setup. It's usually one of the keys F1, INS, F10 or maybe DEL. Refer to your manual, or the supplier of the computer, if you aren't able to get the machine to boot from the CD-ROM." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1319 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Another option, when the machine will not boot directly from CD-ROM, or you can't gain access to the BIOS, is to use SBM(Smart Boot Manager). This is a floppy that you boot from, which makes it possible to choose to boot from the CD-ROM. SBM is included on the &slx; CD. Have a look in the directory install on the CD. There you will find a file called sbm.bin. Transfer this file to a floppy using the utility rawrite. In Windows, you'll find rawrite in the directory install as well. Have a look at the file awrite2.txt for further info about rawrite" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1321 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Do not try to simply copy sbm.bin to a floppy. That will not work. You have to use the utility rawrite" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1323 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "For further information about what SBM is, you should read the file README.sbm, you'll find that file in the directory install as well" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1324 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have a running Linux system, then you mount your CD, and transfer sbm.bin with the command dd if=/cdrom/install/sbm.bin of=/dev/fd0 You may need to change the mount point used for your CD-ROM, and possibly also for the floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1330 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "A Short Description of the Profiles in &slx;[id=profiles]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1332 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The profile description you see during installation, like in comes from the file src/debian-edu-install/debian/debian-edu-install.templates at alioth.debian.org" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1335 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "GUI" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1337 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You will repeatedly see references to GUI and Graphical User Interface. In short that means a computer mode where you can use the mouse to point and click. The opposite of a GUI mode is the pure command line. This is a very short explanation of GUI." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1341 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "A Short Summary of the Different Profiles in &slx;, and How They can be Combined" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1344 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Main server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1346 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All &slx; networks must have one, and only one machine with this profile installed. You can combine this with workstation or thin client server if you like." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1347 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Every Skolelinux network needs one, and only one machine running the 'Main Server' profile. This machine provides the (network)services (mainly file/network and LDAP), so without this machine the network does not work. Since this machine will hold all data files it will need a lot of hard disk space. Installing this option solely results in a machine without a Graphical User Interface(=GUI). If you want a GUI you'll need to include the workstation profile or thinclientserver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1356 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "See for a short explanation on GUI." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1361 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Workstation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1362 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Machines running the 'Workstation' profile are normal machines. Users logging on to a workstation are authenticated by the machine running the mainsserver profile, and have their documents and personal settings stored in home directories on the machine running the mainserver profile." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1367 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want access to peripherals such as CD/DVD-players/burners, digital cameras, scanners, then this is the profile you want to install." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1370 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Thin client server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1371 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Machines running the thin client server profile are able to accept thin client connections. This profile also includes the workstation profile. To prevent network congestion machines running this profile need to have two network cards. All three profiles named so far, main server, workstation and thin client server, can be installed on the same machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1375 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This profile also includes the profile workstation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1378 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Main server + thin client server(including workstation)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1379 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This combination of profiles, also called a combi-profile, makes it possible to setup a complete &slx; network with Workstations and thinclients using only one server. This is an acceptable solution if you only intend to run a small &slx; network, maybe about 10-15 thin clients and a few workstations. For bigger installations this is definitely not advisable." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1382 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Main server + workstation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1383 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This combination of profiles mainly gives you a main server with a GUI. If you don't like the idea of administering your main server from the command line, then this is the combination you should choose." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1387 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These two profiles, 'standalone' and 'standalone-extras', are not a part of the &slx; network. For this reason, I will not yet deal with these profiles in this document." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1389 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Standalone and standalone-extras" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1390 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The two profiles 'standalone' and 'standalone-extras' cannot be installed on the same machine together with any of the profiles main server, workstation and thin client server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1392 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The 'standalone' profile is experimental and not yet functioning. Machines running the 'standalone' profile are meant to be run outside the &slx; network (e.g. in the homes of pupils and teachers) as a standalone machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1397 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The 'standalone-extras' profile is complementary to the 'standalone' profile, providing extra programs for it." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1407 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The First Stage of &slx; Installation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1409 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Where to get the &slx; CD-ROM[id=getcdrom]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1410 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are basically two ways of getting the &slx; CD-ROM. Either you download it yourself, or you get someone else to do it for you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1412 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Downloading the &slx;CD-ROM[id=downloadcd]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1413 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The most recent stable &slx; can be found at ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/skolelinux-cd/skolelinux-i386-current.iso" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1414 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Further information about where to download the CD, and which version is the latest stable one can be found at http://www.skolelinux.org/portal/get_started/download/document_view" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1418 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "First Stage[id=firststage]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1419 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The installation of &slx; is divided into two stages, referred to as firststage and secondstage. The first stage starts when the machine boots from the &slx; CD, and ends with the first reboot. The second stage starts when the machine boots from GRUB, and ends when the installation is finished and the machine reboots for all services to properly restart. It's during the second stage that you type the root password." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1420 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "firststage usually takes about 10 minutes on a relatively fast machine, while secondstage takes a bit more, about 15-45 minutes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1422 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Different Steps in the First Stage of Installation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1425 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Power up your machine, making sure it is able to boot from the CD-ROM. See ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1426 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If your machine is able to boot from the CD-ROM, then you will be met by this picture:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1432 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Starting up &slx; from the CD" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1438 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 21: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1444 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In versions of &slx; prior to RC3, the boot screen was different. Now it includes the Skolelinux logo." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1447 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There's not that much to do here, other than pressing ENTER" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1448 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You might want to reduce the amount of RAM visible to the installer; see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1450 #, no-c-format #. Tag: sect1 msgid " "Expert" Installation[id=expert] It's possible to choose a less automatic installation, by booting with the option Press F1 for help, or Enter to boot:linux DEBCONF_PRIORITY=medium From &slx; version RC3 it should be possible to just type Press F1 for help, or Enter to boot: expert instead. Note that the keyboard layout at this stage is set to US, which means that the keys might be placed differently than what you are used to. The equal sign (=) key is 2 keys to the left of the BACKSPACE, and the plus sign (+) key is SHIFT plus the equal key. The minus key (-) is placed 3 keys to the left of BACKSPACE. The underscore key (_) is SHIFT plus the minus key. FIXME, I really need a US-keyboard layout.
Choosing Language FIXME 22: description of image
Here you must choose the language you want to use during installation. This language will be the pre-selected language for the all users. This doesn't exclude the use of any of the other available and supported languages in &slx;. If you later want to change the default pre-selected language, have a look at the files /etc/environment, /etc/kde2/system.kdeglobals and /etc/X11/XF86Config-4, and the command update-locale-config. The command man update-locale-config will give you more information about this command, and supported languages. No matter which language you use during installation, your users can choose another language- French, German, English, Spanish, etc. Notice to the right in this screenshot the #-sign. This indicates that there is more text available, but that it's not possible to display all of it in one screen. Use the Arrow UP/DOWN or PageDown and PageUp keys to scroll through the whole text. At this point in the installation, it's possible to jump to a Virtual Terminal(VT) with the key combination ALT Arrow LEFT/RIGHT or ALT F1,F2,F3,F4 . On F2 you have a VT where you can edit files during installation. Loading of Driver Modules in VT#2 Sometimes it's necessary to manually load driver modules during installation in order to get certain hardware working, such as for certain Compaq/HP RAID controllers, cciss and some 3ware controllers, 3w-xxxx. You reach this VT by pressing ALT F2
Installation of Udeb-Packages FIXME 23: description of image
The necessary udeb-packages will be installed. Programs are often called packages. A progress bar will keep you informed about the progress.
Information about the Various "Profiles" FIXME 24: description of image
If you know that the partitions that the automatic partitioning tool will make are too small, and you don't want to fiddle with resizing them afterwards, look at . However, if you want the installer to create some extra lvm-partitions for you, then you can in VT#2 use the editor nano and change the partition table before you choose which profiles to install. The files are located in the directory /etc/autopartkit" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1533 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Various Profiles in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1539 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 25: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1545 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have a look at for a short description of the various profiles." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1546 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have a look at for a brief explanation of the different keyboard keys used during installation." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1547 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You choose the profiles you want to install by placing a mark in front of the desired profile by using the SPACEBAR to place the mark. To navigate between the different fields, you use TAB, and when you are done, move to OK and install by pressing ENTER." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1548 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If your hard drive is not recognised, then you may need to manually load the driver module for your hard drive, SCSI-controller or your RAID-controller; do this in VT#2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1552 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Loading Necessary Driver Modules" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1558 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 26: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1564 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have chosen which profile to install, the necessary packages are installed. Hopefully, you have only chosen hardware that works out-of-the-box with &slx;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1568 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Warning! The contents of all your hard drives will be erased!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1574 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 27: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1581 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Everything you have on your hard drives will be deleted when installing &slx;- don't try to avoid it. &slx; will not easily co-exist together with any other operative system." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1582 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "For the brave and foolish, there is always a way. Have a look at install_without_autopartkit.txt" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1585 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To continue with the installation, you must choose Yes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1590 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installation of the Final Packages, the Kernel and the Bootloader GRUB" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1596 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 28: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1602 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The final packages (the Linux kernel and the bootloader GRUB)will now be installed. You now have a working minimalistic Debian system installed." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1605 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Final Preparation for Second Stage Installation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1611 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 29: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1617 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Make sure that the CD is not in the CD-ROM when you restart the machine. If you forget to remove it, the installation will start all over again." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1619 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first stage of &slx; installation is now finished." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1622 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In future versions of &slx; the installation will end by making a copy on a diskette of the relevant log files made during installation, if you have a floppy drive, and if you have a diskette available. If something goes wrong during installation, you can then easily forward these log files to &slx;-knowledgeable people. See . The floppy must be DOS-formated." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1627 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Second Stage of &slx; Installation[id=secondstage]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1629 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Second Stage" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1630 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The installation of &slx; is divided into two stages, referred to as firststage and secondstage. The first stage starts when the machine boots from the &slx; CD, and ends at the first reboot. The second stage starts when the machine boots from GRUB, and ends when the installation is finished and the machine reboots for all services to properly restart. It's in the second stage that you type the root password." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1631 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "firststage usually takess about 10 minutes on a relatively fast machine, while secondstage takess a bit more time, about 15-45 minutes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1634 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The second stage of the &slx; installation starts now." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1637 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Starting &slx; from the Hard Drive with GRUB" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1639 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "GRUB is the bootloader used in &slx;. Another often-used bootloader is LILO, which you can choose to install if you have chosen the expert installation method, or later after the installation of &slx; is finished." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1649 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 30: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1654 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Notice the countdown in the last line in this screenshot. GRUB is configured to automatically boot &slx; after 5 seconds (in this concrete screenshot the counter has reached 4 seconds). The countdown can be stopped by pressing one of the Arrow keys. The arrow keys are also used to choose which of the available Linux kernels you want to boot. The automatic boot is very handy for booting the system unattended." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1655 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the GRUB configuration file, /boot/grub/menu.lst you can choose to change the default value for the countdown, the appearance of the GRUB menu, the name of the different kernels to boot, set a password, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1656 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "In this screenshot you have two boot choices. \n" "Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.4.22-1-386 \n" "Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.4.22-1-386 (recovery mode)\n" " You choose by highlighting the kernel you want to boot, move between the different kernels with the Arrow UP/DOWN keys, and boot the chosen kernel by pressing ENTER." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1660 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Usually you would just boot the default kernel without making any active choices, that is the line that does not contain (recovery mode). The line containing (recovery mode) is used when you need to either do some repair or maintenance on the system, like when you need to resize the lv-partition /usr. When booting with the option (recovery mode) only a few basic services is started, no GUI. Booting with (recovery mode) is the same as Runlevel 1, which also can be reached from the command line by typing init 1 See man init." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1660 #, no-c-format #. Tag: sect1 msgid "" " Password Protecting Grub If you have a workstation, or a laptop that many users have access to, then it is advisable to set a password on GRUB, so that the users can't easily boot various unwanted kernels, or do mischief with the machine. By changing some options in the file /boot/grub/menu.lst you can tighten up the security when booting the machine. You can disable the possibility to boot the option (recovery mode), and also refuse your users access to the GRUB command line, unless they have the GRUB-password. FIXME, add examples from menu.lst See man grub-md5-crypt for how to encrypt a password in MD5 format Password Protecting your BIOS Remember to also put a password on your BIOS, so that it's not possible to change the boot order and boot from floppy, CD-ROM, or only from the hard drive. Is your Server Placed in a Public Place? If you have placed your server, against all sane advice, in a room with public access where everybody has physical access to the machine, then I advise you to immediately set a password on GRUB.
grub-md5-crypt \n" "tjener:~#grub-md5-crypt\n" "Password:\n" "Retype password:\n" "$1$xZBDT0$8uoCO9XQGpBeXKnhUoU5A\n" " This encrypted password is now ready for use in /bot/grub/menu.lst
To set a password on GRUB, you open the file /boot/grub/menu.lst with your favourite editor, and add the options password and lock in appropriate places, like: \n" "password --md5 $1$xZBDT0$8uoCO9XQGpBeXKnhUoU5A\n" "title Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.4.26-1-386\n" "root (hd0,0)\n" "kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.26-1-386 root=/dev/hda1 ro\n" "initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.4.26-1-386\n" "savedefault\n" "boot\n" "\n" "\n" "title Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.4.26-1-386 (recovery mode)\n" "lock\n" "root (hd0,0)\n" "kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.26-1-386 root=/dev/hda1 ro single\n" "initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.4.26-1-386\n" "savedefault\n" "boot\n" "In this example, it's not possible to boot any other kernel than the normal kernel. Starting the GRUB command line is also not possible, without first providing the password, of course not in encrypted form. Remember to put appropriate access rights on the file /boot/grub/menu.lst so that ordinary users can't read it. chmod 600 /boot/grub/menu.lst
&slx; Boot in Progress FIXME 31: description of image
While booting &slx; you will see a lot of seemingly cryptic messages scrolling by on your screen. These are useful messages from the Linux kernel.You can find the contents of these messages with the command dmesg, and by looking in the files /var/log/dmesg, /var/log/daemon.log. More or Less When you want to view the contents of text files, such as system configuration files, then the programs more and less, so-called pagers are useful. Have a look at , or just man more man less Remember to insert the CD.
The Root Password FIXME 32: description of image
The password you are about to create, is the famous root password. With this password you will be able to do anything. Please read carefully the information provided on-screen. This text is from skolelinux/src/rebuilds/shadow/debian/po Before proceeding, you need to set a password for 'root', the system administrative account. The root password shouldn't be easy to guess, and it shouldn't be a word found in the dictionary, or a word that could be easily associated with you, like your middle name. A good password will contain a mixture of letters, numbers and punctuation and will be changed at regular intervals. The root password is changed by running the 'passwd' program as root. Why such caution? The root account doesn't have the restrictions that normal user accounts have. A malicious or unqualified user with root access can have disastrous results. Note that you will not be able to see the password as you type it. Please enter the same root password again to verify you have typed it correctly.
Password not Visible When you Type it FIXME 33: description of image
Note that you will not be able to see the password as you type it. You must type it twice, the same way both times. If you do it wrong, you get another chance. Changing the Root Password The root password can be changed from the command line with the command passwd when you are logged in as root; you can also use the graphical tool kdepasswd found in K-menu Tools Change Password if you have a GUI on your machine, see for more info. Have a look at to find out how to change the other administrative password, LDAP administrator. " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1778 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installation of Packages in the Second Stage" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1784 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 34: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1790 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have created the root password, the installation of packages in the second stage starts. Remember to insert the CD in the CD-ROM drive- you will be prompted to do so if you have forgotten. The rest of the installation takes about 15-45 minutes, depending on how fast your machine is." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1792 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You may now leave the machine, and take a well-deserved break. Have a refreshing drink. The installation will be completed without any further input from you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1794 #, no-c-format #. Tag: remark msgid "It's now possible to login as user root in one of the VT by pressing ALTF2 , or ALTF3 and poke around the system a bit." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1802 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installation is Complete- the Necessary Reboot" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1808 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 35: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1811 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After the installation is complete, a reboot is necessary in order to restart all services such as LDAP, DHCP, etc. See services for a list of services that works out-of-the-box with &slx;." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1817 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installation is Complete- no KDM" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1823 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 36: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1826 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have chosen to install only the profile mainserver, with no GUI, then you will also have no KDM, just a text-based login." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1832 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installation is Complete- KDM" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1838 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 37: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1841 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have chosen to install a machine that includes one of the profiles workstation or ltspserver, then you will be met by kdm" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1845 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you login with" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1846 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Username: root\n" "Password:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1848 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can use TAB to move between the fields Username and Password, and then press ENTER to login, instead of using the mouse." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1850 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Something Went Wrong..." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1851 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes something goes wrong during installation. The most frequent error is the failure to automatically configure the video card when you have chosen to install a machine that includes one of the profiles workstation or ltspserver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1852 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Everything that happens during installation is logged in the file /var/log/installer.log. There is also plenty of useful information logged in the files in /var/log/debian-installer. When you need help with a problem that has occurred during installation, these files are very handy to have ready for diagnosing the problem. Always include instaler.log in your bug reports. See to get help." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1854 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "See the section Something went wrong... for other common failures that occur during installation." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1858 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Turning off, or Rebooting the Machine" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1859 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If your video card was correctly, automatically configured, and you have a nice, blue KDM login screen, then you can reboot and shutdown your machine by choosing TURN OFF. Then you can choose to either reboot or turn off your machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1860 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Luckily, this is not an option in the KDM for thin clients, otherwise anybody could reboot/shutdown the server." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1863 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have a machine installed only with the profile mainserver, then you have to login to reboot/shutdown the machine, as in , then you login as user root. Then you can shutdown your machine with either of the commands halt,init 0, shutdown and reboot with reboot or init 6" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1864 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If your machine stops with the message \"Power Down\" on the screen when you want to turn it off, you can try to see if loading the module apm helps. Be warned that not all servers like the module apm, especially machines with several processors. Run the command modprobe apm; if the machine doesn't complain, and the machine turns itself completely off, then you can permanently add the module by running the program modconf from the command line modconf Then enter the line kernel/arch/i386/kernel and there choose apm. Now it should turn itself off completely." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1867 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Just remember that not all machines like apm. Why do you want to turn off your server anyway?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1875 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Something Went Wrong." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1877 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Video Card Doesn't Function." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1878 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you see a black screen with white text, like this:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1880 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Text-based Login" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1886 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 38: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1890 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "and not something like in , despite having installed one of the profiles workstation or ltspserver, then something went wrong with the configuration of your video card. It might help trying to manually reconfigure the video card with the command dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xfree86 and answer the questions." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1894 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can at any time abort this reconfiguration by pressing CTRL-C" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1895 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This recipe should be sufficient to get your video card working, not perfectly working, just working." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1896 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A quick way of determining whether or not your video card is supported under Linux, is to try one of the live CDs with excellent hardware support, such as Snøfrix or Knoppix, have a look at" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1899 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Manage XFree86 4.x server configuration file with debconf? Answer:Yes" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1900 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Select the desired X server driver. This is most often the most difficult to answer, maybe the output from lspci can help you. Once you have found your video driver, navigate by using the TAB key on the keyboard down to OK and press ENTER" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1901 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enter an identifier for your video card. Answer: what you like. Sometimes there is already something written there." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1902 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please enter the video card's bus identifier. Answer: leave it blank, that is normally just fine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1903 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enter the amount of memory (in KB) to be used by your video card. Answer: Leave it blank, that is normally just fine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1904 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select the XKB rule set to use. Answer:xfree86. This is normally already there." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1905 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select your keyboard model. Answer: pc104 or pc105 should be fine; there is a screen with more instructions about keyboard models." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1906 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select your keyboard layout. Answer: us for US, no for Norway, de for Germany, and so on." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1907 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select your keyboard variant. Answer: you could leave this blank." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1908 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select your keyboard options. Answer: You could leave this blank." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1909 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please choose your mouse port: Answer: /dev/misc/psaux is a good choice." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1910 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please choose the entry that best describes your mouse. Answer: PS/2 is a safe choice." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1911 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Emulate 3-button mouse? Answer: Yes" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1912 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enable scroll events from mouse wheel? Answer: Yes or no, depending." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1913 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enter an identifier for your monitor. Answer: You can write whatever you like here." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1914 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Is your monitor an LCD device? Anser: Only you know the answer." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1914 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please choose a method for selecting your monitor characteristics.: Answer: Simple" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1915 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please choose your approximate monitor size. Answer: Choose the right size your monitor has" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1916 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Select the video modes you would like the X server to use. Answer: Use the Spacebar to place a star in front of each of the video modes you want. The video mode 1024x768 is normally a good choice for the highest value of video modes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1917 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please select your desired default color depth in bits. Answer: 16 is a safe choice" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1918 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Select the XFree86 server modules that should be loaded by default. Answer: just answer OK to the default." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1919 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Write default Files section to configuration file? Answer: Yes" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1920 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Write default DRI section to configuration file? Answer: Yes" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1922 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once you are done with dpkg-reconfigure, you should see something like" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1922 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Wrote X server configuration to /etc/X11/XF86Config-4." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1923 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "It might help to know something about what kind of video card you have in your computer, the command lspci is helpful: \n" "tjener:~# lspci\n" "00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corp. 82440MX I/O Controller (rev 01)\n" "00:00.1 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corp. 82440MX AC'97 Audio Controller\n" "00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Silicon Motion, Inc. SM710 LynxEM (rev a3)\n" "00:07.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corp. 82440MX PCI to ISA Bridge (rev 01)\n" "00:07.1 IDE interface: Intel Corp. 82440MX EIDE Controller\n" "00:07.2 USB Controller: Intel Corp. 82440MX USB Universal Host Controller\n" "00:07.3 Bridge: Intel Corp. 82440MX Power Management Controller\n" "00:0a.0 CardBus bridge: Ricoh Co Ltd RL5c476 II (rev 80)\n" "00:0a.1 CardBus bridge: Ricoh Co Ltd RL5c476 II (rev 80)\n" "Here you notice that I have a Silicon Motion video card. If you need more info from lspci then try lspci -vn. Maybe you need to pipe it through more or less, like lspci -vn|more" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1925 #, no-c-format #. Tag: remark msgid "FIXME: a list of the questions asked during reconfiguration and xfree86 should maybe be presented here?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1927 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you still experience problems with your video card, then have a look at . Perhaps you should consider installing a backported version of XFree86 4.3; not sure where that is available." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1928 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you just need to change the depth and resolution, then you can open the file /etc/X11/XF86Config-4 with a editor from the command line like kdesu kwrite and edit the lines corresponding to the depth you wish to have DefaultDepth 16 and the lines" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1929 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "SubSection \"Display\"\n" " Depth 16\n" " Modes \"1024x768\" \"800x600\" \"640x480\"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1932 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you aren't able to resolve your problem with the video card within a few minutes, then I advise you to get a new video card that has better Linux support, unless it's a laptop, in which case getting another video card isn't so easy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1939 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Fine-tuning[id=finetuning]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1941 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Famous Command Line[id=cli]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1942 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "As with most other common operating systems, almost all of your day-to-day tasks can be carried out with the mouse by click-and-point. In addition to that, you can use the famous command line to do them as well. Why would you want to use the command line? Well, it's faster, you have more control over what is going on behind the buttons, so it's an alternative." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1944 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Shell/Terminal[id=shell]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1949 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "How to Edit System Configuration Files[id=kedit]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1950 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's often nice to be able to edit system configuration files, like with grub or autopartit or bothersome videocard. For this purpose you need a tool, a text editor. We do not use things such as bold, underline or fancy fonts in these files, so for this purpose we don't need a huge fancy application. There are already several such applications installed with your &slx; system. Someof these are command line based, (vi, vim), while others have a graphical interface, like KEdit and emacs" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1952 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Everybody should learn how to use the command line based editor vi/vim sooner or later, preferably sooner." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1954 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "For starters, try using KEdit, you'll find it in K-menu Text editors Text editor " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1960 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You should also try vi, vim. You find vim in K-menu Text editors Debian Vim . Just follow the on-screen instructions. Be warned, vi, vim are rather difficult to use in the beginning, but they're worth the effort in the long run. If you are logged in as an ordinary user, say on a thin client, and need to edit some system files as root-user, then you can use the program kdesu and start the editor inside kdesu like this kdesu kwrite that way you can run the editor as the superuser root (of course, after you have typed the root password)." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1972 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "More or Less[id=moreless]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1973 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes when you issue a command, such as dpkg -l or try to view a file in a Virtual Terminal or in a shell, the output is too much for one screen display. You could then \"pipe\" it through one of the applications more or less, like this dpkg -l|more and use the SPACEBAR to display the next screen, and q to quit." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1977 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The pipe is a key ( | ) on the keyboard that has two vertical lines one above the other. It often looks like a one full vertical line. On the US qwerty keyboard this symbol is usually found on the same key as the backslash (\\) key (to the left of the RETURN key). On the Norwegian keyboard it's usually found on the key below F1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1980 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installing a Kernel with Support for up to 4GB RAM and Multi-Processors[id=smp]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1981 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Due to the limited amount of space available on one CD, there is only one Linux kernel available on the &slx; CD. So, the Linux kernel chosen is based on the lowest common denominator, which means that it should work on most kinds of hardware." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1981 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find out what kind of kernel you are running at the moment with the command uname -a, use this command later to verify that you have changed to a different kernel, if you choose to do so." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1981 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want a kernel for the newer servers with plenty of RAM and multi-processors, you must download and install it afterward, which thanks to the genius package system of Debian, is very easy to do." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1982 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have a look at for a more detailed description of apt-get and dpkg." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1983 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "The keyword to look for when you want a Linux kernel with support for more RAM than LOWMEM=940M and more than one CPU, is SMP, aka Symmetric Multi-Processors. This command issued from a shell, will list available Linux kernels, ready for installation: apt-cache search kernel-image|grep smp At the time this is being written, this returns: \n" "kernel-image-2.4.18-1-686-smp - Linux kernel image 2.4.18 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/PIV SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4.16-686-smp - Linux kernel image 2.4.16 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4.18-686-smp - Linux kernel image 2.4.18 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/PIV SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4-686-smp - Linux kernel image for version 2.4 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/PIV SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4-k7-smp - Linux kernel image for version 2.4 on AMD K7 SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4.26-1-686-smp - Linux kernel image for version 2.4.26 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/PIV SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4.26-1-k7-smp - Linux kernel image for version 2.4.26 on AMD K7 SMP.\n" "\n" " There is really no reason not to choose the latest available kernel, in this case, version 2.4.26. You are then left with the following choices: \n" "kernel-image-2.4.26-1-686-smp - Linux kernel image for version 2.4.24 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/PIV SMP.\n" "kernel-image-2.4.26-1-k7-smp - Linux kernel image for version 2.4.24 on AMD K7 SMP.\n" " You can choose kernel-image-2.4.26-1-686-smp if you have a Intel processors (keyword is 686). If you have an AMD processor (keyword is k7) you can choose kernel-image-2.4.26-1-k7-smp." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1992 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once you know which kernel is the correct one for your machine, you can install it with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1993 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install kernel-image-2.4.26-1<your cpu>" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1997 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Some prefer to first download the kernel, and then install it manually with dpkg. See ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:1997 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "apt-get install kernel-image-2.4.26-1<your cpu>-smp --download-only dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/kernel-image-2.4.26-1<your cpu>-smp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2001 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "When you install the new kernel, you may see something like this: \n" "Sætter kernel-image-2.4.26-1-k7 (2.4.24-3) op...\n" "\n" " You are attempting to install a kernel version that is the same as\n" " the version you are currently running (version 2.4.26-1-k7). The modules\n" " list is quite likely to have been changed, and the modules dependency\n" " file /lib/modules/2.4.26-1-k7/modules.dep needs to be re-built. It can\n" " not be built correctly right now, since the module list for the\n" " running kernel are likely to be different from the kernel installed.\n" " I am creating a new modules.dep file, but that may not be\n" " correct. It shall be regenerated correctly at next reboot.\n" "\n" " I repeat: you have to reboot in order for the modules file to be\n" " created correctly. Until you reboot, it may be impossible to load\n" " some modules. Reboot as soon as this installation is finished (Do not\n" " reboot right now, since you may not be able to boot back up until\n" " installation is over, but boot immediately after). I cannot stress\n" " that too much. You need to reboot soon.\n" "\n" "Please Hit return to continue.\n" " Here there is nothing else to do but hit ENTER to continue." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2002 #, no-c-format #. Tag: sect1 msgid " You Need to Reboot. In order for the newly installed kernel to be taken in use, you must reboot. This is the only time you ever need to reboot your &slx; machine, while installing other programs. There is no need for a reboot, except when installing a new kernel. After you have installed a SMP-enabled kernel, and have rebooted your machine, you can use these commands to see if the newly installed kernel sees all of your processors and RAM; free cat /proc/cpuinfo Need more than 4GB of RAM?If you need support for more than 4GB of RAM in your kernel, then you have to compile your own kernel, or get someone else to do it for you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2017 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Changing the Size of the LVM-Partitions[id=lvmresize]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2019 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You should definitely supplement this short introduction to lvm with the full in-depth documentation on LVM available from The Linux Documentation Project under the link LVM-HOWTO" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2021 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "At the moment, there are 7 partitions. There have been discussions about adding further partitions, such as one for /var/log/squid. This is done in version 1.0r1 of the lvm type in &slx;. They are grouped in two different vg's, vg_system and vg_data:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2027 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "/usr, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2031 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "/skole/tjener/home0, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2034 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "/skole/backup, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2038 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "/var, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2042 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "/var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2045 #, no-c-format #. Tag: link msgid "swap" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2048 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "/var/spool/squid, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2053 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Resizing the /usr Partition[id=lvm-usr]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2054 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2228 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This lv belongs to vg_system. It's present in the profiles mainserver, workstation and thinclientserver." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2055 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All installed programs are placed in this partition. If this partition is full, you can't add new packages to the system." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2056 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The resizing of this partition is a bit tricky." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2059 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The tricky part about resizing this partition, is that you have to unmount the partition that you are using, which is kind of like sawing off a tree branch that you are sitting on. However, we can manage it by using a neat little trick- switching to the shell ash. First, you need to bring the machine down to runlevel 1, then you switch to the shell ash." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2062 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First of all, you need to tell all your users that they have to logout, otherwise they will be forcibly logged out, then type init 1 from the command line" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2067 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The machine is now in runlevel 1. Login as user root and switch to another shell exec /bin/ash You will recognise that you are using a different shell by the prompt, which looks like: \\h:w\\$. If you make a typo in the shell ash, you have to start writing the command all over again, because the BACKSPACE and Arrow buttons don't work here. You start all over with CTRL-C" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2077 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First you need to notice the current size of /usr before you change it df -h /usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2078 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n" "/dev/vg_system/lv_usr\n" " 1.0G 400M 600M 40% /usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2081 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then have a look at how much free space there is in vg_system" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2082 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "vgdisplay /dev/vg_system" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2083 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Look for a line such as:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2084 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Free PE / Size 175 / 5.47 GB" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2087 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then you unmount the partition (Note: the command for unmount is umount)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2088 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "umount /usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2090 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then, to be on the safe side, do a check of the file system" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2091 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "fsck -yf /dev/vg_system/lv_usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2091 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This check and repair is also done as a part of the resizing process by the command e2fsadm, but it's better to be on the safe side." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2095 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you found, when checking the space available in vg_system, something like this: vgdisplay /dev/vg_systemFree PE / Size 175 / 5.47 GB then you have 5.47GB free space that you can use to extend lv_usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2098 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to increase the size with 1GB, then this is the command to use:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2099 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "e2fsadm -L +1G /dev/vg_system/lv_usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2101 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to increase the size with 100MB, then this is the command to use:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2102 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "e2fsadm -L +100M /dev/vg_system/lv_usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2104 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to decrease the size with 250MB, then this is the command to use: e2fsadm -L -250M /dev/vg_system/lv_usr . Due to the bug" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2107 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid ", you need to be a bit careful when resizing partitions." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2112 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Watch for this pattern when resizing:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2113 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "resize2fs 1.27 (8-Mar-2002)\n" "Begin pass 1 (max = 2564)\n" "Extending the inode table XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n" "Begin pass 2 (max = 160)\n" "Relocating blocks XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n" "Begin pass 3 (max = 52)\n" "Scanning inode table XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n" "Begin pass 5 (max = 9)\n" "Moving inode table XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2116 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you do not see on your screen a long line of uppercase Xs, like this: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX when you resize a partition, then something has gone wrong." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2116 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If something has gone wrong, you can try to mount, and the unmount the partition again, and then try to resize it again, but do not try to resize it with the same amount as last time." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2116 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have to resize your partition a second time, because the first try failed, then you should try to resize it with only 32MB, because it will \"remember\" the size you tried to resize it with the first time, and will use that value in addition to the amount you specify the second time. So, if you failed resizing the first time using +1200M, and try again with +1200M, the net effect will be +2400M, probably not what you wanted. If you try with +32M in the second try, then the net effect will be +1232M, which is probably close to what you wanted." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2119 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If the resize was successful, then you can mount the partition with mount /usr. Then check the new size of the partition with df -h /usr. In this case it should look something like:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2121 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on\n" "/dev/vg_system/lv_usr\n" " 2.0G 400M 1.6G 20% /usr" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2125 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now you can restart the machine with init 6, and your users can logon." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2129 #, no-c-format #. Tag: author msgid "KlausJohnstad" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2130 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Problems and Solutions" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2134 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When I try to unmount a partition, it fails with the error "device busy"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2137 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is most likely due to the fact that a user, or a program, is using that partition. If you are trying to unmount /skole/tjener/home0, then it is possible that not all of your users have logged out. If you are trying to unmount /var, then you must first unmount the partition /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles. If the device is still busy, then if possible, try to bring the machine down to runlevel 1, init 1 ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2140 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I have resized the partition, but I can't see any difference in the size." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2141 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This might be bug #439; the solution is to remember to check and repair the file system before you try to change it, fsck -fy. Then you try a second time to resize the partition, but don't try to change it with more than 32M, use e2fsadm -L +32M." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2146 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After I have mounted the partition, and the machine starts up again from runlevel 1, it freezes with the message" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2146 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "NFS....." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2149 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The only solution I know of, is to restart the machine hard, which means use the power button to turn the machine off and then on again. This problem could have been avoided if you had used init 6, or reboot after you had resized the partition in runlevel 1, and not just used the exit." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2156 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Resizing /skole/tjener/home0[id=lvm-home0]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2157 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2193 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This lv belongs to vg_data. It's only present in the profile mainserver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2158 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the partition where the users' home directories are stored." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2159 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The resizing of /skole/tjener/home0 is done pretty much the same way as with /usr. As a matter of fact it's much easier, since it doesn't involve changing to runlevel 1 or changing the shell. I'll briefly mention the relevant commands; see resize /usr for more info." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2163 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Login as root, and tell all your users they must logout." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2166 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Check the current size of your partition,df -h /skole/tjener/home0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2168 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Unmount the partition, umount /skole/tjener/home0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2171 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Check and repair the file system, fsck -fy /skole/tjener/home0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2174 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Check the amount of available space in the volume group,vgdisplay /dev/vg_data. You can also use pvscan." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2177 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Resize the partition, in this example it's increased with 400M, e2fsadm -L +400M /dev/vg_data/lv_home0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2181 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Mount the partition, mount /skole/tjener/home0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2184 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Check the new size of the partition, df -h /skole/tjener/home0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2185 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you do not see any change in the size, then the resizing probably wasn't successful. Have a look at /usr , and the Problems and Solutions" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2192 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Resizing /skole/backup[id=lvm-backup]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2194 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the default partition used for placing the backups made and administered with the &slx;-developed Webmin module slbackup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2195 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Resizing this partition is very similar to resizing /skole/tjener/home0. See , it belongs to the same vg-group, vg_data." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2197 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to increase /skole/backup with 600MB, the command would be" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2198 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "umount /skole/backup e2fsadm -L +600M /dev/vg_data/lv_backup mount /skole/backup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2204 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Resizing /var[id=lvm-var]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2205 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This lv belongs to vg_system. It's present in the profiles mainserver and thinclientserver." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2206 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The resizing of this partition is done in a similar way to the resizing of /usr, except that you don't need to switch to another shell. But you must remember to unmount the partition /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles if this is done a machine with the profile Thinclientserver installed. See swapfiles" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2207 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to increase /var with 400MB, the command would be" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2208 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "e2fsadm -L +400M /dev/vg_system/lv_var" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2212 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Resizing /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles[id=lvm-swapfiles]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2214 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This lv belongs to vg_system. It's only present in the profile thinclientserver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2215 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This partition contains the swapfiles for the thinclients. The size of each of these swapfiles is 32MB" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2216 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The thin clients must have their MAC address locked to an IP address in /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux in order to get a swapfile." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2218 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The size of these swapfiles, and whether they are enabled or not, is defined in /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf. Look for the lines SWAPFILE_SIZE=32m and USE_NFS_SWAP =" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2221 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This partition is resized similarly to /skole/tjener/home0." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2222 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A reasonable size for this partition would be 32MB times the number of thin clients you plan to have. If you try to boot more thin clients with swapfiles than you have space for in /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles, then the thin client will not boot." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2223 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These swapfiles will be placed in /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles, with the file names ltsp010.swap, ltsp011.swap,ltsp012.swap. If you delete these swapfiles, they will be created again next time the thin client boots." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2224 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to increase /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles with 600MB, the command would be" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2225 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "e2fsadm -L +600M /dev/vg_system/lv_ltsp_swap" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2225 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Unless you first umount the partition /var before trying to change this partition, you will not succed, you will then only get the message device is busy. If you see this, make sure you first have umounted /var" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2227 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Swap[id=lvm-swap]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2230 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Resizing /var/spool/squid[id=lvm-squid]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2230 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This lv belongs to vg_system and it's only present in the profile mainserver. This partition hold the cache belonging to squid, which is a FTP, HTTP and HTTPS proxy cache. This partition is changed the same way as swapfiles. Make sure you stop squid before you try to resize, /etc/init.d/squid stop otherwise you only end up with" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2230 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "umount: /var/spool/squid: device is busy" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2230 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The maximum size of this cache is default set to 100MB; look in the file /etc/squid.conf for the line" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2230 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "# cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2232 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding a New Volume(lv)[id=newlv]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2233 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "For things such as video and picture, as well as users that need extra file space, you might need to create a new volume. Let's pretend you need a volume for our video footage. Let us name it video, and place it in vg_data as /dev/vg_data/lv_video, and mount it at /skole/video" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2234 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First you need to find out how much space you have available in vg_data vgdisplay /dev/vg_dataor maybe there is more space in vg_system vgdisplay /dev/vg_systemAnother option that displays the same kind of information is" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2237 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "pvscan" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2240 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You must create the mount point /skole/video mkdir /skole/video Then you create the new volume lvcreate -L 2G -n lv_video vg_data In this example the size is 2GB. Have a look at lvm-home0 to find out how to resize this. Then you need to make a file system" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2245 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "mke2fs -j /dev/vg_data/lv_video" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2248 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then add this new partition, using your favourite texteditor, to /etc/fstab, otherwise this new partition won't be mounted automatically at boot. In our example you add this line at the end of /etc/fstab" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2249 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "/dev/vg_data/lv_video /skole/video ext3 defaults 0 2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2251 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now you test your new partition by mounting it manually with mount /skole/video. Have a look at the size with" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2253 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "df -h /skole/video" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2256 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding the New Volume to autofs[id=newlvmautofs]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2258 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This has not yet been tested with the new LDAP schemas that comes with &slx; 1.0." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2260 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "&slx; uses autofs to export partitions to machines that might need them, workstation and thinclientserver needs to be able to mount the users home directories. So, if you have made another home partition, for example /skole/tjener/home1 and /skole/tjener/home2 then you must make sure that they are also exported along with /skole/tjener/home0 via auofs to the needed machines. The necessary information lies in the LDAP-database, so we must add this new information the LDAP-database. This is most easily done by adding this new information to a file, and then adding the contents of this file to our LDAP-database. Let's call this file /root/video.ldif, with these contents: \n" "dn: cn=video,ou=tjener,ou=skole,ou=Automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no\n" "objectClass: top\n" "objectClass: automount\n" "cn: video\n" "automountInformation: -rw,rsize=8192,wsize=8192,intr tjener:/skole/video\n" "description: /skole/video mount point This is the info that you want to add, like this:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2264 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "/etc/init.d/slapd stop /etc/init.d/nscd stop slapadd -l /root/video.ldif /etc/init.d/slapd start /etc/init.d/nscd start" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2272 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "In addition, this partition must be added to the export file by adding the following line to the file /etc/exports \n" " /skole/video @allhosts(rw) 10.0.2.0/255.255.254.0(rw)\n" " As of &slx; pr47, all machines that you want to export must be members of a netgroup. See . The line will then look like this /skole/video @ltsp-server-hosts(rw) @workstation-hosts(rw) @server-hosts(rw)\n" " \n" " After that you must run exportfs -ra" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2277 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding a New Disk to LVM in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2278 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a short recipe; additional details will be available at a later date." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2281 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Hook up the new disk to the system. In this example it becomes /dev/hdb, and you want to add it to the volume group vg_data" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2284 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "pvscan" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2287 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "df -h" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2290 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "pvcreate /dev/hdb" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2293 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Check with pvscan what the devfs-path to your new disc is" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2294 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "vgextend vg_data /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target1/disc" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2297 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To remove the disk again from the vg-group, unmount all partitions, and then do a" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2298 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "vgreduce vg_data /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target1/disc" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2306 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Editing Host Netgroups" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2308 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A \"host netgroup\" (hence \"netgroup\") can be compared to a guest list when you are inviting people to a party. You have made the guest list to avoid unwanted guests, for instance crooks. In a computer network, the guests are a bit different. They are \"Internet hosts\", e.g. printers, thin client servers or workstations. If these hosts are on the guest list, they are welcome to do their task on the network. If they are not, they are automatically kept out by the doorkeeper." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2312 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A netgroup thus keeps track of the guests, or \"hosts\" in \"Internet lingo\". It can also keep track of other netgroups, and this simplifies administration of, for example, access to the Internet or to a file server. It is much easier to administer groups of hosts than specifying every single host everywhere." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2314 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You have to use netgroups correctly to avoid extra administration. For example, it is useless to have a netgroup named \"workstation-hosts\" with 250 different hosts in it. It is better to use subgroups. The workstations could be grouped into \"computerlab01-hosts\", \"computerlab02-hosts\" and \"teachers-hosts\", and these could be subgroups to another netgroup named \"workstation-hosts\"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2316 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the future, Skolelinux will probably use netgroups for various other tasks. Today they are used to prevent access of unwanted guests to the file server." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2319 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Netgroup Module" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2320 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To edit netgroups, you have to use Webmin. The module is named \"Edit host netgroups\" and is found under the \"System\"-tab." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2323 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Overview of Netgroups" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2329 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 39: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2334 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "On a newly installed Skolelinux server, the following netgroups are added:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2337 #, no-c-format #. Tag: glossterm msgid "ltsp-server-hosts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2338 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All of the thin client servers in the network" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2341 #, no-c-format #. Tag: glossterm msgid "printer-hosts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2342 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All of the printers in the network" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2345 #, no-c-format #. Tag: glossterm msgid "server-hosts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2346 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All of the servers in the network. This is primarily \"tjener\", but if you move, for example, the backup service to another host, add that host here." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2349 #, no-c-format #. Tag: glossterm msgid "workstation-hosts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2350 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All of the groups containing workstations, or all of the workstations in a small network" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2353 #, no-c-format #. Tag: glossterm msgid "all-hosts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2354 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This group contains no individual hosts, but all of the other netgroups." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2358 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Naming Conventions" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2359 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Note that all of the netgroup names end with \"-hosts\". This is to make it easier to distinguish netgroups from other groups whenever necessary. We suggest you use the same naming convention." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2364 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2369 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding Hosts to a Netgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2365 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the overview, click on the netgroup you want to change. A new window appears, showing hosts, subgroups and netgroups available to add as subgroups and an area for adding new hosts." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2375 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 40: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2380 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enter the name on a line of its own for every host you want to add to the netgroup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2381 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you check the \"Verify validity of hosts\" box, every hostname will be tested but only valid ones will be added. Note: this may slow down the process." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2382 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you check the \"Make sure the hostnames can be used by the file server\" box, every hostname will be tested but only those usable to the file server will be added. Note: this may slow down the process." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2383 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Click on \"Add\" to add the entered hosts to the netgroup. You will see the same page, now with the new hosts in the list." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2386 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "New hosts Added to the Netgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2392 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 41: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2397 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Click on \"Back\" when you are finished editing the netgroup. Remember to save your changes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2401 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Saving Changes" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2402 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Return to the overview when you are finished making your changes. Notice the actions in the action queue. When you are done, enter your LDAP-password and click on \"Execute actions\". The changes are sent to the catalogue server, and you get a new window showing the replies from the server. For every successful action, the server replies \"Success\"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2404 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can remove actions you regret or made by mistake. Select the actions you want to remove from the queue and click on \"Delete selected actions\". Actions depending on those removed will not be executed. If you remove, for example, the action \"Add netgroup 'computerlab01-hosts'\", then the action \"Add host(s) (dhcp123, dhcp124, dhcp125)\" will not be executed." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2407 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Changes are Saved" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2413 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 42: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2421 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2425 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding a New Netgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2422 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Enter the name of the new netgroup in the \"Name of group\" text field in the \"New group\"-area and click on \"Create group\". The name has to be between 9 and 40 characters and contain only alphanumeric characters and hyphens." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2431 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 43: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2436 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The new netgroup is now listed together with the other groups." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2439 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "New Group Added" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2445 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 44: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2452 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2456 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding a Subgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2453 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the overview, click on the group to which you want to add subgroups. If you want to add \"computerlab01-hosts\" as a subgroup to \"workstation-hosts\", click on \"workstation-hosts\"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2462 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 45: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2467 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Select the group you want to add as a subgroup and click on \"Add selected groups\". The subgroups are now listed as a subgroup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2470 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Subgroup Added" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2476 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 46: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2481 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2488 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2494 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2500 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to save your changes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2486 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Deleting a Netgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2487 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the overview, select the netgroups you want to remove and click on \"Delete selected groups\"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2492 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Removing Hosts from a Netgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2493 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the overview, click on the group you want to change. Select the hosts you want to remove and click on \"Remove selected hosts\"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2498 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Removing a Subgroup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2499 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the overview, click on the group you want to change. Select the subgroups you want to remove and click on \"Remove selected subgroups\"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2506 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Thin Client Setup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2507 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Each thin client has a wide range of options that can be changed on an individual thin client basis." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2510 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Video card" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2513 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "PXE-&nic; or regular &nic;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2516 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Will it act as a print server?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2519 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Serial, PS/2 , USB or scrollmouse?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2522 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Do you want to enable the floppy drive, or use USB pendrives?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2525 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All these options are specified in the file /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf, but you need to assign each &tc; a static IP address. You do this by adding the MAC address of the &nic; in your &tc;, all done in the file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf In earlier versions of &slx;, before pr47, an older version of DHCP was used where the configuration files were placed under /etc/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf There is also a Webmin module for this operation, https://tjener.intern:10000/dhcpd3/index.cgi" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2528 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Assigning a Machine a Static IP address" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2528 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have made any changes to /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf, either by editing the file directly, or via Webmin, you need to restart the DHCP3-server for the changes to take affect. This is either done from the command line with /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart or in Webmin by pressing the button labeled 'Apply Changes'." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2528 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All servers in &slx;, mainserver and thinclientserver, run DHCP-servers. This means that any machine, workstation, thinclient and other machines (laptops, Windows, Mac machines) will get a dynamic IP address, that is, the IP address given is likely to be different every time the machine connects." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2528 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to make your life easier, you should make these machines have a static IP address. Add their MAC addresses to the right group in the DHCP-setup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2529 newdriftbok.en.sgml:2851 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Thin Clients" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2531 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "host ltsp010 {\n" " hardware ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00;\n" " fixed-address ltsp010;\n" " #filename \"/tftpboot/lts/vmlinuz-2.4.19-ltsp-1\";\n" " filename \"/tftpboot/lts/pxelinux.0\";\n" " #option option-128 e4:45:74:68:00:00;\n" " #option option-129 \"NIC=3c509\";\n" " }" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2532 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are already 100 places set aside for 100 thin clients in the file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2533 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Workstation (Linux, Windows, Mac)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2535 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "host static00 {\n" " hardware ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00;\n" " fixed-address static00;\n" " }" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2536 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There is 1 place set aside for a machine with a static IP address in the file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf. If you need more, then make more by using the one provided there as a template." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2537 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Printers" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2539 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "host printer00 {\n" " hardware ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00;\n" " fixed-address printer00;\n" " }" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2541 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Thin Client Servers" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2543 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "group {\n" " host ltspserver00 {\n" " hardware ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00;\n" " fixed-address ltspserver00;\n" " }" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2548 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Creating Etherboot ROM Images for Ordinary (non-PXE) &nic;s.[id=matic]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2549 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I strongly advise you to use PXE cards, which eliminate the need for the use of failure-prone media such as floppy disks. But if you have to use floppy disks to boot your &tc;s, then there are some small tricks to learn. The floppy disks you need, are ready and available for download at rom-o-matic.com. The latest stable version that is known to work well with &slx; is 5.0.11, which is the recommended one." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2550 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are two things you need to do::" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2552 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Find the correct ROM for your &nic;. There are over 250 on the list of available &nic;s, which makes the whole point of PXE very appealing." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2555 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once you have managed to find the correct ROM for your &nic;, you need to put it on a floppy disk, on a Linux machine, as root" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2556 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "cat eb-5.2.5-yournic.zdsk > /dev/fd0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2564 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Special Floppy Disk with Support for 30 &nic;s[id=universalboot]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2565 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This floppy disk image contains the ROM for the 30 most popular and widely-used &nic;s, which means that there is a big chance that you don't need to fiddle around trying to figure out what kind of &nic; you have." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2566 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "This floppy disk is a part of the project Thinstation, from there you download "Universal boot floppy". The file you have downloaded should be BootDisk522b.zip. In Windows you use a zip program to unpack it. In &slx; you unpack it with unzip BootDisk522b.zip, (you may need to install unzip, apt-get install unzip). While unzipping the file you should see something like this: \n" "klaus@tjener:$ unzip BootDisk522b.zip\n" "Archive: BootDisk522b.zip\n" " inflating: rawrite2.exe\n" " inflating: ebnet522.dsk\n" " inflating: Readme.txt\n" " In the file Readme.txtyou will find detailed information about how the universal boot floppy is made, together with how you can make one yourself. As root, you can make one with the command cp ebnet522.dsk /dev/fd0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2570 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Using the MAC Address to Assign a Fixed IP Number to a Thin Client" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2571 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to be able to specially customise your various thin clients, you have to be able to identify each of them separately. You can do this with the help of each thin client's network card and its unique MAC address (which every network card has)." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2572 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Most (but not all) network cards have their respective MAC addresses printed on them somewhere. It often looks something like 0000864A585A, or 00-00-86-4A-58-5A, eller 00:00:86:4A:58:5A, which are numbers given in the hexidecimal system. If you don't see anything like that printed on the card, then you can have a look at the file /var/log/syslog, where the thin client's MAC address is registered when it tries to start up. To see what is being logged at the time the thin client starts up, use the command tail -f /var/log/syslog then you will see something like \n" "Jan 4 19:04:44 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:00:86:4a:58:5a via eth1\n" "Jan 4 19:04:44 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.0.201 to 00:00:86:4a:58:5a via eth1\n" "Jan 4 19:04:45 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.0.201 from 00:00:86:4a:58:5a via eth1\n" "Jan 4 19:04:45 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPACK on 192.168.0.201 to 00:00:86:4a:58:5a via eth1\n" " Here you can see the MAC address, together with the IP number given to each thin client." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2579 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now that you know the MAC address, you can type it in the file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf, for example" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2580 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "host ltsp010 {\n" " hardware ethernet 00:00:86:4a:58:5a;\n" " fixed-address 192.168.0.10;\n" " #filename \"/tftpboot/lts/vmlinuz-2.4.19-ltsp-1\";\n" " filename \"/tftpboot/lts/pxelinux.0\";\n" " #option option-128 e4:45:74:68:00:00;\n" " #option option-129 \"NIC=3c509\";\n" " }" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2581 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have typed in the MAC address, then you must restart the DHCP server, which is done with the command /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart In earlier versions of &slx;, prior to pr47, an older version of DHCP was used. Then this script was found under /etc/init.d/dhcp restart In this case I have decided that the thin client with the MAC address 00:00:86:4a:58:5a should be named ltsp010 and be given the IP number 192.168.0.10. The names ltspXXX cannot be changed to something else, for example room203. It won't work." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2588 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember that a hash-mark ( # ) before a line in a file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf is used as a comment symbol, which means that this line is just a comment. In this case I have put a comment symbol at the start of the line #filename \"/tftpboot/lts/vmlinuz-2.4.19-ltsp-1\"; while at the start of the linefilename \"/tftpboot/lts/pxelinux.0\"; there is no comment symbol. This means that this thin client has a network card of the type PXE, so it must have an image when it starts up pxelinux.0. If it didn't have a PXE-network card, but instead a normal card that needs an Etherboot floppy, see , then it would need the start up image vmlinuz-2.4.19-ltsp-1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2589 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Another choice you can make for each single thin client in this file is to activate (that is, remove the comment symbol) at the beginning of \n" "option option-128 e4:45:74:68:00:00;\n" "option option-129 \"NIC=3c509\";\n" " if and only if you have a 3com509 ISA network card in your thin client." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2593 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Customising Thin Clients" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2594 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the file /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf you have the possibility to specially customise each individual thin client. You can also make adaptations that cover all of the clients at once." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2595 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here I want you to note that there is already a large document which describes how to set up thin clients ltsp.org Look in the documentation menu." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2596 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I have only mentioned the most important changes you can make in /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf. I recommend that everyone should read the documentation that is found at " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2598 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Printer Connected to a Thin Client" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2599 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "In order to specify that you have a printer connected to the parallel port of a thin client, the following lines must be added to the file /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf : \n" "[ltsp050]\n" "PRINTER_0_DEVICE =/dev/lp0\n" "PRINTER_0_TYPE =P\n" " exchange ltsp050 with the correct name of your thin client. See part ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2605 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Serial Mouse" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2606 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Add the following to the file/opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf if you have a serial mouse (connected to the COM port)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2606 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "[ltsp051]\n" "X_MOUSE_PROTOCOL = \"Microsoft\"\n" "X_MOUSE_DEVICE = \"/dev/ttyS0\"\n" "X_MOUSE_RESOLUTION = 400\n" "X_MOUSE_BUTTONS = 2\n" "X_MOUSE_EMULATE3BTN = Y" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2609 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Optical USB Mouse with Wheel" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2610 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Add these lines to lts.confX_MOUSE_PROTOCOL = \"imps/2\"\n" "X_MOUSE_DEVICE = \"/dev/input/mice\"\n" "RCFILE_01 = \"usbdev\"\n" " In addition, make a script and save it as /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/rc.d/usbdev with these contents" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2611 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "#!/bin/sh\n" "echo \"USB Mouse Support...\"\n" "insmod usbcore\n" "insmod usb-uhci\n" "insmod input\n" "insmod mousedev\n" "insmod usbmouse\n" "echo \"USB Keyboard Support...\"\n" "insmod keybdev\n" "insmod usbkbd" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2614 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Scrolling Mouse" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2615 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Add the following to /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf if you have a scrolling mouse\n" "[ltsp052]\n" "X_MOUSE_PROTOCOL = \"IMPS/2\"\n" "It's not certain that this will make the wheel function; it may make your mouse go absolutely crazy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2618 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Diskette Station" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2619 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Add the following to /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf if you want to use the thin client's floppy drive.\n" "[ltsp053]\n" "RCFILE_01=floppyd\n" " see section for more info." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2624 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Video Card Driver" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2625 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Some video cards cannot be configured automatically. This is especially true of older video cards. So it may often be necessary to specify which video card driver must be used. Sometimes it may also be necessary to specify that an older version of XFree86 must be used. For example,with the Compaq Deskpro 4000 machine, an older version of XFree86 must be used, so for this type of video card we have to add the following lines to /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2626 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "[ltsp054]\n" "XSERVER=XF86_SVGA" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2629 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Screen Resolution" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2630 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it may be desireable to use a different resolution than 1024x768 which is normally the standard for thin clients. Not every video card can manage that resolution. It would also appear a little weird on 14\" or 15\" screens where 800x600 fits better. These files in /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf make that possible:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2631 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "[ltsp060]\n" "X_MODE_0=800x600" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2636 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Do the Network Cards Work?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2637 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "With the command ifconfig you can see the current condition of the network cards." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2639 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "This command is also good for finding out which IP address the machine has, as well as its MAC address (which is called "HWaddr"). Another way to collect MAC addresses is to have a look at the syslog file at the time that you start up the machine whose MAC address you want to find. Then all you have to do is cut and paste. Use the command, as root, tail -f /var/log/syslog then you will see something like Jun 2 22:52:28 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:02:b3:8f:66:76 via eth1\n" "Jun 2 22:52:28 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.0.13 to 00:02:53:8f:66:76 via eth1\n" "Jun 2 22:52:29 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.0.13 from 00:02:53:8f:66:76 via eth1\n" "Jun 2 22:52:29 tjener dhcpd-2.2.x: DHCPACK on 192.168.0.13 to 00:02:53:8f:66:76 via eth1\n" "Use CTRL-C to stop the process." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2642 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "tjener:~# ifconfig\n" "eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:75:81:AA:78\n" " inet addr:10.0.2.2 Bcast:10.0.3.255 Mask:255.255.254.0\n" " UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1\n" " RX packets:27892 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n" " TX packets:26194 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n" " collisions:5 txqueuelen:100\n" " RX bytes:23495725 (22.4 MiB) TX bytes:2810447 (2.6 MiB)\n" " Interrupt:11 Base address:0xdc00\n" "\n" "eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:75:81:AA:FD\n" " inet addr:192.168.0.254 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0\n" " UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1\n" " RX packets:1976176 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:26 frame:0\n" " TX packets:2271670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n" " collisions:0 txqueuelen:100\n" " RX bytes:486381910 (463.8 MiB) TX bytes:1131449472 (1.0 GiB)\n" " Interrupt:10 Base address:0xe000\n" "\n" "lo Link encap:Local Loopback\n" " inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0\n" " UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1\n" " RX packets:44174 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0\n" " TX packets:44174 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0\n" " collisions:0 txqueuelen:0\n" " RX bytes:11789085 (11.2 MiB) TX bytes:11789085 (11.2 MiB)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2643 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If what you see is similar to the above, but you still can't get on the net, then you may have to do something with your DNS-setup. Have a look at this section in the documentaton about Coyote Linux, ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2646 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Administration of Packages" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2647 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to install packages, you need to define where you want to get them from, where our package reservoir is." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2648 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You define your package reservoir in the file /etc/apt/sources.list" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2650 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The format for the line in this file follows a specific syntax. If you type a line wrong, then you will get a pretty good error message when you try to update the database for the available packages. It will give you a clear message about which line in the file is incorrect." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2651 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In this file, you use the hash-mark ( # ) at the beginning of the line as a signal that this line is only a comment, that is, that this line should be skipped. This technique of "commenting out" is typical for most configuration files in Linux; other symbols used for this purpose are the semicolon ( ; ) and the double slash ( // )." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2653 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can either work with package administration via the command line or with the help of a graphical application such as KPackage , or Webmin" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2654 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "A quick introduction to the use of the command line for working with packaqe administration is given in this section." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2655 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "deb ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/debian/ woody main contrib non-free\n" "deb ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/debian-non-US/ woody/non-US main contrib non-free\n" "deb ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/skolelinux/ woody local" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2656 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These lines contain information about where you can get your packaqes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2657 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you add new lines to this file, then you have to update the database that contains information about what is available." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2658 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "See for other lines that you can add as sources for packages." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2660 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Updating the Database with Info About Available Packages" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2661 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The selection of available packages changes constantly. New packages become available; newer versions of packages appear, etc. So it is necessary to make sure that the database that contains information about the packages is kept constantly up-to-date. This is done with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2662 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get update" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2664 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's a good habit to always run this command before you upgrade or add new packages." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2667 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Upgrading All Installed Packages to a Newer Version" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2669 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Sometimes you will see a message concerning changes (Changelog) that concerns the packages that you are about to install/upgrade, such as \n" "kdeaddons (4:3.1.0-4) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " * Rebuilt against libvorbis0a (closes: #184713).\n" " * Removed alpha compile flags.\n" " * Fresh admin/ sync.\n" "\n" " -- Ben Burton <bab@debian.org> Sun, 16 Mar 2003 16:00:19 +1100\n" "\n" "kdeaddons (4:3.1.0-2) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " * First KDE3 upload to debian!\n" " * Applied Ewald Snel's patch for xine support.\n" " * Rolled the epoch to aid upgrades from the unofficial repository on\n" " ftp.kde.org.. *sigh*\n" ":\n" " Use the SPACEBAR on the keyboard to page through to the end of the message, where you will see quanta (1:3.0pr1-1) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " * New upstream release.\n" " * Built for KDE3.\n" "\n" " -- Ben Burton <benb@acm.org> Wed, 4 Sep 2002 10:36:12 +1000\n" "\n" "(END) Press the q-key, for Quit, and then you will see \n" "Fetched 60.2MB in 11m24s (87.9kB/s)\n" "Reading changelogs... Done\n" "apt-listchanges: Do you want to continue? [Y/n]?\n" " In order to continue you must press Y, for Yes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2678 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "All of the packages that have already been installed can be upgraded to a newer version with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2679 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get upgrade" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2681 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it's really nice to know what is actually going to happen before you start to upgrade all installed packages. It's possible that it's not the right moment for you to start downloading several large packages. Maybe you need to wait until there is more bandwidth available. If you run apt-get upgrade -s then nothing will actually happen- the upgrade will only be simulated. If there is too much information on the screen, then you can try apt-get upgrade -s|more. If it looks fine, then you run the above command again, taking away the -s" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2682 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "On the US keyboard, the so-called pipe symbol, | is found immediately to the left of the backspace key. Use the SHIFT key to type the pipe symbol." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2686 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Overview of Installed Packages" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2687 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can get an overview of installed packages using the command dpkg -l|more. Be aware that the first two letters indicate the status of the package; "ii" means that it is fully installed." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2690 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Finding the Name of a Specific Package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2691 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you don't remember the name of a package, you can do a search of the database with the command apt-cache search <packagename>. If there is too much text on the screen, then you can try" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2691 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-cache search <packagename>|more" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2692 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The two symbols < and > must not be used. They are only used in this example." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2695 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Showing Available Information about a Package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2696 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The commands apt-cache showpkg <packagename> and apt-cache policy <packagename> will give you detailed info about the packacge." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2699 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installing a Package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2700 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you have found the package you want, install it with the commandapt-get install <packagename> If you want to see what will happen when you install it, you can first run a simulation with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2700 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install <packagename> -s" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2703 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Removing an Installed Package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2704 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To find the specific package that you want to remove, use the commands that were mentioned earlier for finding the name of the package." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2705 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you know the name of the package, then you can remove it simply with the command apt-get remove <packagename>If you want to see what is going to happen when you remove the package, you can run a simulation first with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2705 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get remove <packagename> -s" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2708 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installing one Specific Version of a Package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2709 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you install a package with the command apt-get install <packagename>, the newest version will be automatically installed. Sometimes you don't want to install the newest version, just a little older version." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2710 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install <packagename>=eldre_versjons_nummer" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2711 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "If you think that the older version of the backup module of Webmin is better, then you should run apt-cache showpkg webmin-slbackup to get an overview of available versions \n" "tjener:~# apt-cache showpkg webmin-slbackup\n" "Package: webmin-slbackup\n" "Versions:\n" "0.0.7-1(/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.skolelinux.no_skolelinux_dists_woody_local_binary-i386_Packages)\n" "(/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.skolelinux.no_skolelinux_dists_woody-test_local_binary-i386_Packages)\n" "(/var/lib/dpkg/status)\n" "0.0.6-1(/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.skolelinux.no_skolelinux_dists_woody-test_local_binary-i386_Packages)\n" "\n" "Reverse Depends:\n" " education-main-server,webmin-slbackup\n" " task-skolelinux-server,webmin-slbackup\n" "Dependencies:\n" "0.0.7-1 - webmin (0 (null)) perl (0 (null)) libcgi-application-perl (0 (null)) \n" "libhtml-template-perl (0 (null)) libexpect-perl (2 1.15) slbackup (2 0.0.5-1)\n" "0.0.6-1 - webmin (0 (null)) perl (0 (null)) libcgi-application-perl (0 (null)) \n" "libhtml-template-perl (0 (null)) libexpect-perl (2 1.15) slbackup (2 0.0.5-1)\n" "Provides:\n" "0.0.7-1 -\n" "0.0.6-1 -\n" "Reverse Provides:\n" "\n" "Here you can see that there are two versions available: 0.0.6-1 and 0.0.7-1." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2713 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to install version 0.0.6-1, you can do that with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2713 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install webmin-slbackup=0.0.6-1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2716 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Installing a Package with the Help of dpkg" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2717 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes you want to manually download a package from somewhere, such as from Opera's web page. Then you get a so-called .deb-package in your own home directory. You can install it by using the command dpkg -i <>. If you first want to do a simulation, run the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2717 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "dpkg --no-act -i <packagename>" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2720 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Searching Through Files that were Installed by a Specific Package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2721 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it's nice to know exactly which files came from a specific package. You can get that overview with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2721 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "dpkg -L <packagename>" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2724 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Finding Which Package a File Came From" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2725 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to know which package a specific package came from, the command dpkg -S <filnavn> will help you find out." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2727 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Unpacking the Files from a Package Without Installing Them" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2728 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Maybe you have accidentally erased an important systems file, and you do not have any backup of it. What then? If you use the command dpkg -S <filename> you will find out which package the file originally comes from. That way you can unpack the package and get back the missing systems file." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2729 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First, you have to get the relevant .deb-package. When you have done that, you place it in the /tmpdirectory. You unpack the files in that directory with the command dpkg -X <packagename> /tmp which will then create the necessary catalogues in the /tmpcatalogue and then place the files there." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2734 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Never unpack the package directly in the /-directory!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2739 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Making Your Own Local Mirror for Deb-Packages" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2740 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are some packages which I often install, as well as some packages that I wish I didn't have to download from the Internet everytime. Even if the commandapt-get makes it easier to install packages from the Internet, unfortunately apt-get won't increase the speed of my Internet connection. However, I can use apt-get to make my own mirror of the packages that I have downloaded. That way, in the future when I want to install these packages, the command apt-get will fetch the packages that I have already downloaded. This goes more quickly." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2741 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "mkdir /var/www/dpkg cp /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb /var/www/dpkg cd /var/www/ dpkg-scanpackages dpkg /dev/null | gzip -9c > dpkg/Packages.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2747 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After that, a new line in the file /etc/apt/sources.list must be added to deb file:///var/www dpkg/ Then you must, as usual, run the command apt-get update in order to update your package database." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2752 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Quota System for Hard Drive Space" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2755 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First, you have to install the necessary packages, if you don't already have them installed." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2759 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "apt-get install quota quotatool" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2760 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then you have to enable the use of quotas on the desired partition. So you first add a line to the file /etc/fstab. Do this for the partition /skole/tjener/home0 /dev/vg_data/lv_home0 /skole/tjener/home0 ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 2 with the flags 'usrquota' and 'grpquota' you have now enabled the use of user quotas and group quotas on the partition /skole/tjener/home0. In order to get this to take effect, you have to unmount the partition and then mount it; if necessary, reboot the machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2769 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Then you have to make the databases that contain info about the quotas: touch /skole/tjener/home0/quota.user\n" " touch /skole/tjener/home0/quota.group\n" " chmod 600 /skole/tjener/home0/quota.user\n" " chmod 600 /skole/tjener/home0/quota.group After that, check that quota.user and quota.group are empty before initialising the databases: ls -lh /skole/tjener/home0/quota* will show that quota.user and quota.group have zero size. Then initialise the databases with the command quotacheck -avug after which you check that the databases are no longer zero in size" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2783 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "ls -lh /skole/tjener/home0/quota*" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2785 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Then you turn on the quotas: quotaon -a" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2790 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "After that you set the quotas for some of the users. edquota -u klaus takes you to a vi-based quota editor where you set up the quota the way you want it for klaus. If you think that quota is the one you want for all of the users, you can use the size of quota for klaus as a template for the other users. When that's done, you need to check the current status of the disk quotas, repquota /skole/tjener/home0 gives you \n" "tjener:~# repquota /skole/tjener/home0\n" "*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/vg_data/lv_home0\n" "Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days\n" " Block limits File limits\n" " User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace\n" " ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n" " root -- 1198381 0 0 12832 0 0\n" " daemon -- 4 0 0 5 0 0\n" " bin -- 1 0 0 1 0 0\n" " man -- 1000 0 0 28 0 0\n" " lp -- 81 0 0 198 0 0\n" " mail -- 5233 0 0 444 0 0\n" " news -- 1 0 0 1 0 0\n" " proxy -- 126788 0 0 4722 0 0\n" " junkbust -- 5 0 0 3 0 0\n" " klaus -- 1993 1500 2000 268 0 0\n" " test16 -- 5 0 0 4 0 0\n" " test15 -- 5 0 0 4 0 0\n" " test14 -- 5 0 0 4 0 0\n" " test13 -- 5 0 0 4 0 0\n" " Here the user klaus has a softlimit of 1.5MB and a hardlimit of 2MB." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2802 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "If you have a list of usernames in the file LoginName.txt in the form jan janak janne then you can give all of them the same size of quota as klaus with the command for x in `cat LoginName.txt `;do edquota -p klaus $x;done If you now look at the status of the quotas, you will see that all of the users have got the same quota as klaus \n" "tjener:~# repquota /skole/tjener/home0\n" "*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/vg_data/lv_home0\n" "Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days\n" " Block limits File limits\n" " User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace\n" " ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n" " root -- 1198381 0 0 12832 0 0\n" " daemon -- 4 0 0 5 0 0\n" " bin -- 1 0 0 1 0 0\n" " man -- 1000 0 0 28 0 0\n" " lp -- 81 0 0 198 0 0\n" " mail -- 5233 0 0 444 0 0\n" " news -- 1 0 0 1 0 0\n" " proxy -- 126788 0 0 4722 0 0\n" " junkbust -- 5 0 0 3 0 0\n" " klaus +- 1993 1500 2000 268 0 0\n" " test16 -- 5 1500 2000 4 0 0\n" " test15 -- 5 1500 2000 4 0 0\n" " test14 -- 5 1500 2000 4 0 0\n" " test13 -- 5 1500 2000 4 0 0\n" " If you use LDAP then you can quickly get a list of your users with the command \n" "getent passwd|grep home0|cut -d\":\" -f1>LoginName.txt check that LoginName.txtis the way you want it to be." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2819 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Good commands for learning more about disk quotas for users and groups are" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2823 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man edquota" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2824 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man quota" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2825 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man quotacheck" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2826 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man quotaoff" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2827 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man quotaon" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2828 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man quotastats" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2829 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man quotatool" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2830 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "man repquota" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2834 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Stopping the File .xsession-error From Filling up Your Entire Hard Drive" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2835 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes a program can get very troublesome and start writing enormous amount of error messages to the file .xsession-errors in the user's home directory. Some programs, especially GIMP, are fully capable in the space of only a few minutes of creating such a large .xsession-erros file that the whole hard drive gets full. So, everything stops working. Then the root user has to go in to the main server and find that file and delete it. This is not exactly what you want to do on a regular schoolday." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2835 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "So, even if such error message files as .xessions-errors are surely useful to have when you need to diagnose a problem, they are really more of a hassle in the schoolday. So, you need to get rid of it. You can do this by redirecting all messges that would otherwise be written to this file, right into the waste bin /dev/null." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2836 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "By changing a few lines in the file /etc/X11/Xsession, set a comment symbol(#) in front of these lines, in this way: \n" "#ERRFILE=$HOME/.xsession-errors\n" "#\n" "## attempt to create an error file; abort if we cannot\n" "#if touch $ERRFILE 2> /dev/null && [ -w $ERRFILE ]; then\n" "# chmod 600 \"$ERRFILE\"\n" "#elif ERRFILE=$(tempfile 2> /dev/null); then\n" "# if ! ln -sf \"$ERRFILE\" \"${TMPDIR:=/tmp}/xsession-$USER\"; then\n" "# message \"Xsession: unable to symlink \\\"$TMPDIR/xsession-$USER\\\" to\" \\\n" "# \"\\\"$ERRFILE\\\".\"\n" "# fi\n" "#else\n" "# errormsg \"Xsession: unable to create X session log/error file. Aborting.\"\n" "#fi\n" "#\n" "#exec > \"$ERRFILE\" 2>&1\n" " And set in these two lines instead: \n" "errfile=\"/dev/null\"\n" "exec > \"$errfile\" 2>&1\n" " Now you don't need to be afraid that .xsession-errors will fill up your entire hard drive." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2847 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Services Out-of-the-Box in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2853 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding a Printer to a Thin Client" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2855 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Before you try to add a printer in &slx;, you should really think about this before you get a printer. So check out the web pages on linuxprinting.org to find out if your printer is supported out-of-the-box by Linux. If you have a printer that is classified as a "paperweight", then get rid of it, or use it as a door stopper." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2858 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Recipe for Setting up a Printer on a Thin Client" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2859 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Plug the printer into the thin client. This example is for a printer on a parallel port, so '/dev/lp0'" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2862 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Add the MAC address of this thin client in Webmin, for example ltsp050." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2865 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Use a text editor to open the file /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts/lts.conf, and add these lines \n" "[ltsp050]\n" "PRINTER_0_DEVICE =/dev/lp0\n" "PRINTER_0_TYPE =P\n" " If this thin client needs other configuration lines, add them here as well; maybe its video card does not allow autodetection, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2871 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Go to K-menu->Control Center->System->Printing Manager and click on \"the magic wand\" icon to add a printer. Click on Next. Then for backend selection choose \"Network printer(TCP)\". Click on Next." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2876 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Click on \"Settings\". Instead of 10.2.0, type 192.168.0, if the printer is connected to a thin client, leave the other values as they are. Click OK. Click on the button \"Scan\", and it will then search for your printer, which will take about det 30-60 seconds. In the large frame on the left, you will soon see information about the thin client that has an attached printer, choose that one, and the rest of the process of choosing printer and driver should be pretty easy, I hope. :-)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2885 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you try to print out a \"test page\", you may find that the printer reacts, but stil nothing is printed out. The printer's resolution may be set too high. Try it again with 150 ppt." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2893 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Making Possible the Use of Diskettes with a Thin Client" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2895 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Recently, packages have been made for &slx; which make it easier to set up the use of diskettes and USB pendrives with thin clients. apt-get install ltsp-usb ltsp-floppy then you don't need to download ltsp_floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2898 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Get package ltsp_floppy from http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/ltsp unpack it and run the installation script. After that, use a text editor to add this line RCFILE_01 = floppyd to the file /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf for each thin client you want to have floppy access, or add it to [Default] if you want all of them to have it. This is an example which gives all thin clients the capability of using the local floppy drive. \n" "[Default]\n" " SERVER = 192.168.0.254\n" " XSERVER = auto\n" " X_MOUSE_PROTOCOL = \"PS/2\"\n" " X_MOUSE_DEVICE = \"/dev/psaux\"\n" " X_MOUSE_RESOLUTION = 400\n" " X_MOUSE_BUTTONS = 3\n" " USE_XFS = Y\n" " XkbLayout = no\n" " SEARCH_DOMAIN = intern\n" " X_MOUSE_EMULATE3BTN = Y\n" " LOCAL_APPS = N\n" " RUNLEVEL = 5\n" "RCFILE_01 = floppyd\n" "\n" " You need a file in the home directory for each user you want to be able to use diskettes with a thin client. The file should be named .mtoolsrc. Note the full stop in the file name. The file should contain the line \n" "drive a: file=\"$DISPLAY\" remote 1.44m mformat_only\n" " If you want to give all of your users this file without doing a lot of work, I recommend that you follow the following instructions. As root, create the above-mentioned file, and save it in /tmp. Then do the following:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2918 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "for dir in /skole/tjener/home0/*; do cp /tmp/.mtoolsrc $dir/; chown --reference=$dir $dir/.mtoolsrc; done" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2925 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When that's done, then all of the folders in /skole/tjener/home0 will have got the file .mtoolsrc, and the ownership of the file will be the same at the one who owns the folder, otherwise the folder would be owned by root." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2930 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to make the following changes in the file /etc/devfs/perms; change the line (fra 0660 til 0666)REGISTER ^floppy/.* PERMISSIONS root.floppy 0660 til" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2930 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "REGISTER ^floppy/.* PERMISSIONS root.floppy 0666" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2931 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I recommend the graphical program MToolsFM, apt-get install mtoolsfm. There are others, such as Konqueror, but they have some small bugs connected with the use of floppy drives with thin clients. The disadvantage with having the file .mtoolsrc in the home directory, is that you can't just get ready access to the floppy drive from the main server or workstations. I only have thin clients so I haven't looked for a solution to this, but it shouldn't be difficult to find one. (See section )" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2938 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Using MToolsFM" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2939 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find MToolsFM in the menu under K-menu->verktøy->Debian" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2942 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "MToolsFM Startup Screenshot" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2948 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 47: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2953 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the picture that you see when you start MToolsFM. Remember to have a diskette in the floppy drive when you start MToolsFM." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2954 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "MToolsFM has two windows. Usually, one window shows the contents of the diskette(a:), and the other shows the contents of the hard drive. In this example, the window on the left shows the contents of the diskette while the window on the right shows the contents of the hard drive. YOu can choose yourself how you want it to be by using the function to chaange which you find up in the corner." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2955 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You mark the file you want to work on by clicking on the filename. When it has been marked, use the buttons to move the files back and forth. You find these buttons in between the two windows. They are labelled "Copy". By right clicking on filename/directoryname you can get other choices." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2958 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Possible Choices" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2964 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 48: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2970 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid ".mtoolsrcBoth for Thin Client and Workstation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2971 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "With the Help of a Little Trick" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2972 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Make sure that all users who are to use diskettes on both thin clients and workstations have this file floppycheck.sh in Autostart-directory, .kde/Autostart, see section and" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2973 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "This file floppycheck.sh should look like #!/bin/bash\n" " CLIENT=`echo $DISPLAY | tr 0-9 \"-\" | sed -e s/-.*//`\n" " if [ $CLIENT = \"ltsp\" ]; then\n" " echo 'drive a: file=\"$DISPLAY\" remote 1.44m mformat_only' >\n" " ~/.mtoolsrc\n" " else\n" " echo 'drive a: file=\"/dev/floppy/0\" 1.44m mformat_only' >\n" " ~/.mtoolsrc\n" " fi\n" " What this script does is make a new version of .mtoolsrc based on what kind of machine the user is logged onto, thin client or workstation." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2974 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to make this script executable with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2975 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "chmod 755 .kde/Autostart/floppycheck.sh" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2981 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Enabling the Use of a USB-Pendrive with a Thin Client" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2983 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Recently, packages have been made for &slx; that make it easier to set up the use of USB-pendrives and diskettes with thin clients. apt-get install ltsp-usb ltsp-floppy then you don't need to download ltsp_floppy." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2986 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "It pays to make sure that the thin client in question has the necessary driver modules. Add these lines to /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/lts.conf \n" "[ltsp043]\n" "MODULE_01 = \"usb-uhci\"\n" "MODULE_02 = \"usb-storage\"\n" "MODULE_03 = \"sd_mod\"\n" "RCFILE_02 = usbpen\n" " Make sure that the file you now save is named the same as what is fiven in the line above with RCFILE_02, you must have floppyd set in as from . After that you can modify floppyd so it works for USB-pendrives. cp /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/rc.d/floppyd /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/rc.d/usbpen This is the contents of my file /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/rc.d/usbpen \n" "#!/bin/bash\n" "\n" "#\n" "# First, since floppyd runs as nobody, make /tmp world accessible.\n" "#\n" "\n" "chmod 777 /tmp\n" "\n" "#\n" "# Second, probe for the floppy\n" "#\n" "modprobe usb-storage\n" "insmod usb-storage\n" "\n" "#\n" "# Third, make the floppy world accessible.\n" "#\n" "mknod /dev/sda b 8 0\n" "mknod /dev/sda1 b 8 1\n" "chmod 666 /dev/sd*\n" "\n" "#\n" "# Finally, start floppyd.\n" "#\n" "floppyd -d /dev/sda1\n" "\n" " Depending on what type of USB-pendrive you have, you may need to replace the file floppyd -d /dev/sda1 with floppyd -d /dev/sda, that is, without the number "1". If you have SCSI-hard drives, they are usually called /dev/sda1, so you need to check /var/log/syslog to get more information about which device to use for your USB-pendrive." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2995 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "See for how it is possible on a regular main server, workstation or thin client." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2997 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Error Messages of the Type mtools_skip_check=1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:2998 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "With some types of USB-pendrives you will see the following type of error message \n" "Total number of sectors not a multiple of sectors per track!\n" "Add mtools_skip_check=1 to your .mtoolsrc file to skip this test\n" " The you can then either add this line "mtools_skip_check=1" to the file .mtoolsrc, or add this line to the global configuration file for mtools, /etc/mtoolsfm.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3004 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Sound on Thin Clients" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3005 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Certainly!. I'm listening to NRK radio on a thin client right now." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3006 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Start by downloading the package ltsp_sound" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3010 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Special Adaptations for your Users" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3011 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are many things you can do for your users, so that their experience of working with a &slx;-machine will excede anything they have known previously, believe me." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3013 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Deciding Which Directories the Users Should Have" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3014 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "To start with, every users get two directories created when the user is created \n" "drwxrwx--- klaus klaus priv\n" "drwxrwxr-x klaus klaus pub\n" " that is, a directory that is open for everyone to view, pub and one that is closed to other users priv." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3018 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you aren't comfortable with the idea that your users are supposed to understand the concept of a closed (priv) and an open directory (pub) in their home directories you can change this. You can either lock the directories at the top level after the users are created chmod 700 /skole/tjener/home0/*, or you can open them a little chmod 711 /skole/tjener/home0/*" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3019 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want your users to have several directories from the start, for example the directories matematics, English, German, French, this can be done by changing a bit of the file /usr/share/webmin/ldap-users/createhomedir, by adding these lines:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3020 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "# Make a directory related to the subject mathematics \n" "mkdir \"$homedir/matematics\"\n" "chmod 0770 \"$homedir/matematics\"\n" "\n" "# Make a dirctory related to the subject English\n" "mkdir \"$homedir/English\"\n" "chmod 0770 \"$homedir/English\"\n" "\n" "# Make a directory related to the subject German\n" "mkdir \"$homedir/German\"\n" "chmod 0770 \"$homedir/German\"\n" "\n" "# Make a directory related to the suject French\n" "mkdir \"$homedir/French\"\n" "chmod 0770 \"$homedir/French\"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3023 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Deciding the Appearance of the Program Menu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3024 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "We have a little "problem"- if you can call it that- with &slx;: Rather than too few programs installed, we have far too many. Many of the programs are not necessary for all of the users. They only get in the way and make things cluttered." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3025 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Luckily, there are ways to tailor the menu to specific groups of users. There is a program in &slx; that does the whole job for us in a simple way. The program is called kschoolmenu, and you find it in the menu under K-menu Preferences System Custom K menus " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3032 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "YOu can also start kschoolmenu from the command line with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3032 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "kcmshell kschoolmenu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3036 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Making Custom Menus" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3038 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Start kschoolmenu, make your various menus and name them, for example, menu1, menu2, course" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3041 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Make your own menu-groups using the useradm-tool in Webmin; call them something like menu1, menu2, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3044 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "According to which tailored menu you want your users to use, you must add the users to the appropriate menu-group. If you want the user 'perhan' to have the menu called menu1, then you add 'perhan' to the group named menu1. See to find out how to create groups and users." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3047 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The results are placed in the file /var/lib/kschoolmenu, which you can edit by hand if you want. If you have several machines and you want the same menu for all of them, a quick way to do this is to copy the files from /var/lib/kschoolmenu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3051 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kschoolmenu, Start" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3057 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 49: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3063 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is kschoolmenu the way you see it when you have started it. You see 2 windows. In the left window, you see a choice of programs that you can have in the menu. To the right, you see the menu you are about to create. Between them, you see 2 arrows which are used to move the program items to/from your menu." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3067 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kschoolmenu, Add Menu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3073 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 50: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3079 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you choose what you want to name the menu, in this case it's called menu1. Remember that you have to create a group with the same name and put all of the relevant users in that group so they can get the same menu, see to find out how this can easily be done." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3084 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Automatic Start of Program at Login" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3085 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are some programs that your users surely use every time they login. So, it would be nice to be able to automatically start them up at login, instead of having to do it manually every time. This can be done by copying shortcuts to the program into the directory .kde/Autostart which is stored in the user's home directory." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3086 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "An easy way to get a hold of these short cuts is to first "drag" them from the K-menu by holding down the left mouse button and then "releasing" them on the desktop background, choosing "Copy here". Then you have a so-called shortcut file in the directory Desktop. You copy this file into the directory .kde/Autostart, which will automatically start the program when the user logs on." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3089 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Message to Everyone who Logs in" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3090 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There is a program, xmotd - message-of-the-day browser that makes it possible to show the contents of a file when a user logs in to the system. This is useful, for example, when you want to give information about a new printer, planned down time, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3091 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you don't have xmotd installed, then you can install it with apt-get install xmotd Then you have to enable the program xmotd to be able to show a file when the user logs in." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3095 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Add these lines to the file /etc/X11/Xsession \n" "xmotd -popdown 25 -geometry 500x500 /usr/local/motd \\\n" "-xrm \"*title.label: Today's Message\"\" -always\n" " This will then show the contents of the file /usr/local/motd when the user logs in. -popdown 25 means that the message will disappear after 25 seconds, while -always means that the message will be shown every time a user logs in." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3097 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Have a look at the manual page for xmotd for a description of the other choices. You can view the manual page from the command line with the command man xmotd." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3099 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Message to a Specific User who Logs in." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3100 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Sometimes it's necessary&desireable to give a message to a specific user when they log in, for example when the user has used too much space on the hard drive. This is done by adding a few lines to the file /etc/X11/Xsession \n" "if [ -e \"/usr/local/message/$USER\" ]; then\n" "exec /usr/X11R6/bin/xmessage -file /usr/local/message/$USER &\n" "fi\n" " By creating a file with the name klaus then this file will be shown when the user klaus logs in." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3105 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Giving a Message to All Users That are Logged on" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3106 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have a machine where you have installed both main server and thin client server, then you can use a little Perl script to give a message to all users that are logged on." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3107 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "#!/usr/bin/perl -w\n" "\n" "if (@ARGV != 3){\n" " print \"Use:\\n\\txwall.pl keyword time message\\n\";\n" " print \"\\t keyword is the word you search with\\n\";\n" " print \"\\t time is the time in seconds you want the message to be visible\\n\";\n" " print \"\\t message is the message, should be written inside quotation marks\\n\";\n" " exit (1);\n" "}\n" "\n" "$SIG{CHLD}=\"IGNORE\"; # in the unlikely event a child exits before the parent\n" "\n" "my ($procmatch, $timeout, $message) = ($ARGV[0],$ARGV[1],$ARGV[2]);\n" "\n" "foreach $pid (split /\\s/,`/bin/pidof $procmatch`) {\n" " my ($display, $xauthority, $homedir);\n" " foreach $envvar (split /\\00/,`cat /proc/$pid/environ`){\n" " if ($envvar=~/DISPLAY=(.*)/){ $display = $1; }\n" " }\n" " foreach $var (split /\\n/, `cat /proc/$pid/status`){\n" " if ($var =~ /Uid:\\s+?(\\d*?)\\s+?/) { my @uid = getpwuid($1); $homedir = $uid[7]; }\n" " }\n" "\n" " if ($display){\n" " if (fork() == 0) {\n" " $ENV{DISPLAY}=$display; $ENV{XAUTHORITY}=\"$homedir/.Xauthority\";\n" " exec(\"xmessage -center -timeout $timeout '$message'\");\n" " }\n" " }\n" "}" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3107 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This script is then saved as xwall.pl and used in the following manner perl xwall.pl alarmd 10 \"Hi! You will see this message for 10 seconds.\" Sometimes it can be a bit tricky to find a process that can be used as a keyword that covers all logged in users. I have had good experience with using the process alarmd as a keyword. Try the command ps auxw|grep alarm then you will see if this keyword works for you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3114 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Message to Everyone Logged in" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3120 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 51: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3128 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Automatic User Log In" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3130 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is not smart security-wise, but very nice if, for example, you have a &slx; network at home and you are the only user. Be aware that the user in question will be able to log in without being asked to give a password." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3132 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "It is possible to automatically log in a specific user on a specific thin client when it gets turned on. This is done in the file /etc/kde2/kdm/kdmrc, where the following lines are added:\n" "[X-ltsp010:0-Core]\n" "AutoLoginEnable=true\n" "AutoLoginUser=klaus Here the user klaus gets automatically logged in to the thin client ltsp010 when it gets turned on. In order for this to work, you need to lock the MAC address til the IP number. \n" "[X-ltsp058:0-Core]\n" "AutoLoginEnable=true\n" "AutoLoginUser=susanna In this case, the user susanna gets automatically logged in on the thin client ltsp058." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3138 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Automatic User Log In- Advanced Use" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3139 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The possibility to log in people without having to type in usernames or passwords is really great when you want to stress test a &slx; installation. You create a series of test users which are set up for automatice log in. That way you can get find out how the system behaves when there are many users logging in at the same time. If you combine this with automatic start, see of several of the heavier applications such as gimp, OpenOffice, Mozilla, kstars then this test will be even more effective." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3142 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Automatic Input of Username in the Login Window" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3143 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "If you have a thin client placed where there is always one single user who logs in, such as in an office, itmay be fine to set things up so that the user doesn't have to type in their username but just their password. You can do this by adding the following lines to the file /etc/kde2/kdm/kdmrc \n" "[X-ltsp059:0-Greeter]\n" "PreselectUser=Default\n" "DefaultUser=perbart\n" " That way the thin client ltsp059 has already filled in perbart as username; the only thing the user has to type in is his password. If some other user than perbart wants to use that thin client, they can easily do so by removing perbart from the login window and typing in their own username." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3149 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Setting up Desktop, Menu bar, etc the Same for Everyone When the User is Created" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3150 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are some people who think that the appearance of the "desktop" which accompanies &slx; is not totally optimal. Maybe you would like to give all of your users another background picture, other icons on the desktop, other icons on the K menu and taskbar in KDE. It would be great if that could be done in such a way that everyting was done onace and for all in a simple fashion." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3151 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The secret lies in placing the files that you want all of your users to get when each user is created, in the correct directory, in this case in the directory named /etc/skel. If your users already exist then see og ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3152 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Everything that is placed in the directory /etc/skel will get copied to the users home directory when the user is created. For example, if a file test.txt is placed there, then it will be put in the home directory with the correct permissions and ownership." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3153 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "What we want is for everyone from the start should get a predefined setup of background, desktop, K menu, etc in KDE. The way this is done i to make a user which serves as a template. Call this user, for example, template, see to find out how to create a user. Now log in as this user and set up thing the way you want them to be. Then copy the directory that contains all of the relevant KDE configuration files into /etc/skel. You find the KDE configuration files in the directories under .kde" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3154 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First create the directory /etc/skel/.kde with the command mkdir /etc/skel/.kde, then do the copying with the command cp -ar /skole/tjener/home0/mal/.kde/* /etc/skel/.kde" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3155 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Everything you see in your KDE desktop environment is a setting in one or another KDE configuration file. For example, the attributes for your shortcut icons are covered in the file Desktop/something-or-other.desktop. The following is part of the contents in the shortcut for OpenOffice.org Writer \n" "[Desktop Entry]\n" "Comment=\n" "Exec=/usr/bin/oowriter\n" "Icon=ooo_writer.xpm\n" "Name=OpenOffice.org Writer\n" "ServiceTypes=\n" "Type=Application\n" "Here you can see clearly how you can make changes to attributes such as the file path to where the program is stored, what kind of picture that is to be used for the icon, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3158 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kicker, nederste menylinje" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3160 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "kicker" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3166 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 52: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3171 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Another important directory for KDE configuration files is .kde/share/config. This is where you find almost all of the configuration files for KDE programs. The niftiest one to know about is the file .kde/share/config/kickerrc which determines the appearance of the panel at the bottom of your screen." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3173 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Desktop Icons, Background" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3174 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Whatever you have on the desktop in the way of icons and other types of shortcuts is determined by the contents of the directory Desktop. Everthing in the directory /etc/skel/Desktop winds up on the desktop for all new users. Copy shortcuts that you want everyone to have into this directory; see to find out how these .desktop-files can be copied." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3179 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Daily Operation of &slx; Network with Webmin" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3181 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "The Webmin Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3182 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "During the installation of &slx;, see you were asked to set a password. This password is the basis for 2 different passwords; one of them you use to login to Webmin, at the same time it is also the root password. The other is the LDAP password. To change the root/Webmin password, you can either use the command line and the command passwd or you can use the program kdepasswd, which you find in K-menu Utilities Change Password ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3189 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Backup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3190 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There is a backup module included in Webmin. You find it under the tab "Servers" and "Skolelinux Backup", or https://tjener.intern:10000/slbackup" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3193 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Webmin Servers" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3199 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 53: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3204 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the place in Webmin where you find slbackup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3208 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, General" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3214 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 54: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3220 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Slbackup has 5 modes of operation;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3222 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "General," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3225 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Backup details," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3228 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Restore," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3231 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Maintenance," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3234 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "SSH keys," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3240 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, Backup Details" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3246 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 55: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3252 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is where you set the time that you want the backup to be done, which will then take place at that time every day." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3254 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup Expert Tips" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3255 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want, you can set slbackup so that it does a backup more ofen than once a day. this is done by changing the file /etc/cron.d/slbackup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3259 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, Backup Details, Backup Clients" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3265 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 56: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3270 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you configure which machine you want to backup. You specify the IP address, together with the directories that you want to backup, and how long you want to keep a copy of the backup." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3273 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, Backup Details, Backup Server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3279 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 57: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3285 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you set up the details for the machine that is going to do the backup. The most important detail is where the backup is going to be stored. The default backup partition is the LVM partition /skole/backup, see section . But there is nothing to stop you from setting in an extra hard drive and storing your backup there instead." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3286 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you are observant, you may have noticed that we place the backup on the same hard drive as the one we take backup of. Stupid? Not so, if we take backups as an extra service for our users in case they accidentally delete a file. It is, of course, stupid to store your backup on the same hard drive if the purpose is to guard against a drive getting broken. Then it is wiser to set up a machine with a workstation profile, see , and install some really large capacity hard drives and use slbackup to make the backup external- making that machine your backup server." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3289 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, Restore" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3295 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 58: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3301 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "What good is it to a backup utility, if you can't put the files back that have been deleted? By choosing "Restore" you have the possibility to choose which machine you want to get the files from, as well as which file or entire directory you want to get. You can also use everything that you have taken a backup of on the machine in question." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3307 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, Restored Files" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3313 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 59: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3319 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you have chosen which machine you want to get the backup from, then you will get to make several more choices, among which the date/time you want to restore the backup, where you want the files to be placed. To start with, it's wise to use the directory /tmp/<macinename>." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3319 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's smart to place the files being restored in the directory /tmp/<machinename>. Everything that is stored in this directory gets deleted when the machine reboots. In addition, by placing the files there, in this temporary directory, you make sure that you don't accidentally write over the wrong files (when you replace an old file with a new one that has the same name). After you have taken out the files that you need to restore, then you must go into this directory, /tmp/<machinename>, and use a file manager, see , to get out the files that you want." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3324 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, Maintenance" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3330 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 60: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3336 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By choosing "maintenance" you get the possibility to delete old backups that you no longer have any use for, or place for." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3342 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup, SSH Keys" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3348 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 61: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3354 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to be able to take a backup over the network from other machines, without being asked each time for a password, SSH has been set up in such a way so that you only type in the password once." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3359 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Comparison of Various Versions of the Same File" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3360 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have "destroyed" the format of a file, for example /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux, but you know that you have a backup of that file which is good, then you can use on of several programs to compare the varous versions of that file. If you have chosen to restore, then the old version of the file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux will be placed in the directory /tmp/<machinename>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux. A command-line based program is included to do a comparison of the files. The program is called diff, and is used in this fashion" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3361 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "diff /tmp/<machinename>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3362 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "In this example, I have two examples of the file dhcpd-skolelinux, There is an error in one of them- it lacks two }-parentheses. This is the result of running the command diff with these two files: \n" "klaus@tjener:~$ diff /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf /tmp/tjener/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd-skolelinux.conf\n" "217c217\n" "< }\n" "---\n" ">\n" "225c225\n" "< }\n" "---\n" ">\n" " Fortunately there are also other programs that do the same job. One of them mgdiff can be installed with apt-get install mgdiff see for how to add new packages. mgdiff has a graphical interface (GUI). If I start mgdiff and open the two files in this program, this is what I see:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3367 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Mgdiff" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3373 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 62: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3381 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Dedicated Backup Server" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3383 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Slbackup is not really meant to be used in this fashion. So do this at your own risk!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3385 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By setting up a machine with a "workstation",profile , and installing Webmin and slbackup, you can quickly set up a very user-friendly and powerful backup machine. apt-get install slbackup webmin-slbackup When combined with making a backup volume, see , this is a fine way to do backups of files all the time." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3389 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By adding more backup clients, see , by filling in the IP address of the machine you want to backup, for example, the IP address for the "main server" is 10.0.2.2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3390 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Be aware that taking a backup over a network kan take a long time, so it is best done outside of office hours/school time." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3393 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup fraom the Command Line" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3394 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are commnds that can be run from the command line, so you dn't need to start a net browser and Webmin." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3395 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Liste tidspunkt det finnes backup fra (lokalt og eksternt):\n" " rdiff-backup --list-increments /skole/backup/tjener\n" " rdiff-backup --list-increments backup.intern::/skole/backup/tjener\n" "\n" "Liste filer i en gitt backup ('--list-at-time now' gir siste):\n" " rdiff-backup --list-at-time 2004-02-22T01:30:02-04:00 /skole/backup/tjener/etc/ltsp/\n" "\n" "Restore filer fra en gitt tid ('--restore-as-of now' gir siste):\n" " rdiff-backup --restore-as-of 2004-02-22T01:30:02-04:00 /skole/backup/tjener/etc/dhcpd.conf /tmp/dhcpd.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3398 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Slbackup Log Files" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3399 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "You find the log files for slbackup in /var/log/slbackup/slbackup.log. This is where information is logged about when the last backup was done, how much was changed, etc --------------[ Session statistics ]--------------\n" "StartTime 1086202803.00 (Wed Jun 2 21:00:03 2004)\n" "EndTime 1086204514.88 (Wed Jun 2 21:28:34 2004)\n" "ElapsedTime 1711.88 (28 minutes 31.88 seconds)\n" "SourceFiles 56607\n" "SourceFileSize 1625082476 (1.51 GB)\n" "MirrorFiles 41244\n" "MirrorFileSize 1060012665 (1011 MB)\n" "NewFiles 15372\n" "NewFileSize 564463215 (538 MB)\n" "DeletedFiles 9\n" "DeletedFileSize 65488 (64.0 KB)\n" "ChangedFiles 344\n" "ChangedSourceSize 667575185 (637 MB)\n" "ChangedMirrorSize 666903101 (636 MB)\n" "IncrementFiles 15725\n" "IncrementFileSize 1936873 (1.85 MB)\n" "TotalDestinationSizeChange 567006684 (541 MB)\n" "Errors 0\n" "--------------------------------------------------\n" "\n" "Jun 02 21:28:36 - Successfully finished backing up client tjener\n" "Jun 02 21:28:36 - Finished slbackup.\n" "It pays once in a while to have a look at this file, check that you have "Successfully finished backing up"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3404 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "wlus - Webmin Ldap User Simple" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3405 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are several systems for user information and administration in &slx;, but now we use LDAP and the utility WLUS, and not /etc/passwd and its accompanying commands such as adduser, useradd, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3406 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To get access to Webmin, point your favourite web browser to the address https://tjener .intern:10000/ldap-users You can use any web browser you want, you can also connect a Mac machine and run it from there." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3410 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Webmin Login" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3416 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 63: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3419 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you see is a dialogue box where you log yourself in as the user root, with the password you created during installation, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3425 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Welcome Screen- Webmin LDAP User Simple (WLUS)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3431 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 64: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3434 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After you have logged in to Webmin you will see this welcome screen for WLUS." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3438 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Because we haven't added any users yet, it would be natural for us to choose "New User(s)". But before we do that, we may want to adapt WLUS to our needs." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3444 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Configuration of WLUS" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3450 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 65: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3453 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By clicking on "Module Config" we can change how strict we want our password policy to be, as well as where we want to put our users' home directories, plus other things. When you are done making your changes, click on "Save". Then you are ready to create new users. The first thing you need to do is make a test user. This is a user that functions as a template for setting up things exactly the way you want it to be for all of your users. Have a look at" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3459 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "New User" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3465 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 66: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3468 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now you should be ready to create new users. The first thing you should do is to create a test user. This is a user that you use as a template for setting up things exactly the way you want things to be for all of your users. Have a look at There are two different ways to add new users, either one at a time, or a whole bunch at once using a so-called semicolon-separated file(;). By clicking on "New User(s)" you get up a rather long page. At the top is the possibility to add users manually one by one, by providing first/last name, together with password, if desired. A little farther down the page, you find the possibility to add several users at once, "Add users from file"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3472 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you add a user in this way, the computer provides the username, and if you want, the password as well. But you can override this by ticking "Common password - Yes" and then typing in the password you want." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3476 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to also choose what kind of role you want the new user to have." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3480 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Result of New User" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3486 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 67: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3489 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When new users have been added using WLUS, you get a receipt with information about name, username and password, in a format that makes it easy to print it out, clip it up and give it to the user." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3495 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Importing the File" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3501 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 68: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3504 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It is also possible to add an entire class of users, or even a whole school. By using the other way of adding users, that is the so-called semicolon-separated file." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3507 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This file is formatted with the different fields separated by a semicolon. You can create this file by exporting it to a semicolon-separated file from the school's database of attending pupils, or by exporting from OpenOffice/Excel, or by using a regular, simple text editor such as K-menu Editors Text Editor " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3515 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "File Import" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3521 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 69: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3524 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to use the file import function, you have to scroll down to the bottom of the page where you find a dialogue box for adding users from file. Click on browse to find your file with the semicolon-separated users. When you have found that file, click on "Add users from file"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3530 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Importing Users from File" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3536 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 70: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3539 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you have got the file with the users, you will see the different semicolon-separated items listed in different columns. At the top of each column you choose the name for its content; as a minimum you should have first name and last name." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3545 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Result of File Import" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3551 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 80: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3554 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When you add users from file, you get a nice list of the new users' usernames and passwords, in a format that is easy to print out and distribute to the user." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3560 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "List of Registered Users" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3566 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 81: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3569 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By clicking on "Search" without filling in the search field, you get a list of all users who are registered. By clicking on "User Data" you get the possibility of changing the password for that user, as well as other things such as the name of the user. If you want, you can also choose to move the users home directory, but you will need to personally move the files in question since this is not done by WLUS." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3581 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 82: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3589 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Disable Login" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3595 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 83: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3598 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When users are on the system, there are some extra possibilities to choose, such as "Delete user" and "Disable Login"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3602 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By putting a cross in front of a user, and choosing for example "Disable Login" that user will not be allowed to login." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3607 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Excluded Users" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3613 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 84: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3616 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The result of having chosen "Disable Login" is seen as a fine red cross for that user." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3622 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Re-enabling Login" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3628 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 85: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3631 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By putting a cross in front of the user and clicking on "Enable Login" you will see a green cross reappear in front of that user. The user can login again." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3636 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Changing the User's Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3637 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The users can change their own password, as long as they have one that works. By starting the program kdepasswd which they can find in K-menu Utilities Change Password " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3643 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Of course, they can also use the command passwd from the command line." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3647 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kdepasswd, Old Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3653 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 86: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3656 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is where you type in the old password, that is, the one that the user used to login. Note: if this is written incorrectly, then the kdepasswd program will "freeze". log out/in to solve this." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3662 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kdepasswd, New Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3668 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 87: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3671 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is where you type in the new password, Note: this must be 6,7 or 8 characters, neither more nor less. " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3677 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kdepasswd, Successful" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3683 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 88: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3686 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If everything goes the way it should, then this message will pop up." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3692 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kdepasswd, Too Long Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3698 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 89: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3701 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you type in a password that is longer than 8 characters, you will get a message that the password has been truncated, that is only the first 8 characters have been used." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3706 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Changing a User's Password from the Command Line" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3707 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can change the password for a user from the command line if you know the person's username. /usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/passwd brukernavn You will be asked to type in a new password twice, and then finally you must type in the LDAP-administrator password." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3712 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Changing the LDAP-Admin Password" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3713 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to make changes in LDAP, such as adding users, changing passwords, etc, you must give a password, the so-called LDAP-admin password. This password is created during installation; see . This password is one of 3 administrative passwords. The other two are the Webmin password, see and the root password, see ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3714 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "The LDAP-admin password is changed from the command line with this command /usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/passwd adminThen you will be asked to provide the new password twice, as well as to type in the old one. /usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/passwd admin\n" "Enter new password for user admin: \n" "Reenter new password: \n" "Enter bind password:\n" " u" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3721 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Direct Editing of Files in the LDAP-Database." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3722 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By using the command slapcat -l /root/bruker.ldif you will get a pure text file that contains the LDAP database. In this case, this is in the file named /root/bruker.ldif. This is a so-called ldif-file, ergo the file type "ldif". It would be smart to stop the slapd LDAP daemon, before you bring up this ldif-file This is, along with stopping nscd (Name Service Cache Daemon) is done with the commands /etc/init.d/slapd stop /etc/init.d/nscd stop Be aware the when you stop slapd, no one can login. Then you have to srt it up again." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3727 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "/etc/init.d/slapd start /etc/init.d/nscd start" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3732 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can edit this file /root/bruker.ldifwith the help of your favourite text editor, for example kedit" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3733 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In this file you can make changes in usernames, home directories, groups, etc., the same as when you use the user administration module in Webmin, . The advantage of using an ldif-file is that you can change several things at once. This is the file you use if you have to reinstall and want to use the same usernames and passwords again- it is a little tedious to have to hand out 1000 new usernames and passwords." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3735 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Putting the Old LDAP Databasen in a New Installation" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3736 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes you just have to do a reinstallation. In order not to inconvenience the users too much, it's nice to let them keep using their old passwords and usernames. If you have that specific ldif-file from LDAP, then you can just put it in the new installation and your users will be able to continue to use their old usernames and passwords." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3738 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Recipe for Carrying Over the LDAP Database" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3740 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "On the old server, before you do the reinstallation, take out an ldif-file from LDAP," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3740 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "/etc/init/slapd stop slapcat -l /root/bruker.ldif" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3745 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember that whenslapd is stopped, no one can login." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3748 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Move this file, /root/bruker.ldif, over to the new installation, either by using a USB-pendrive, or by using a CD." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3751 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to be able to put in the old LDAP database with the help of your bruker.ldif, you have to delete the one that is already there. The database files are found in /var/lib/ldap. A good way to get rid of them is to move them to another directory, just in case you need them later. mkdir /root/dbb /etc/init/slapd stop /etc/init.d/nscd stop mv /var/lib/ldap/* /root/dbb slapadd -l bruker.ldif /etc/init/slapd start /etc/init.d/nscd start Now it's possible to use the old usernames and passwords. Remember that the old Webmin root password it the one to use." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3766 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "How to Start with a New "Fresh" LDAP Database?" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3767 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "NoeSometimes you can get in a situation where someone has experimented a little too much with various configurations, maybe so much that reinstallasjon would be the easiest thing to do." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3768 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If that happens with LDAP, there is a simpler way to "start from scratch" than to reinstall the whole system. You can delete your LDAP database that doesn't function the way you want it to, and then put in a new and unused one, in the same condition as it was right after installation. This means that all of your current users will be deleted." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3769 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you have to do is to make a copy of your current LDAP databasen, no matter whether it functions or not." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3774 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Stopp slapd-demonen og nscd" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3776 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "/etc/init.d/slapd stop /etc/init.d/nscd stop" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3782 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Make a copy of the old LDAP database, that is create a so-called ldif-file" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3785 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "slapcat -l /root/ldap.old.ldif" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3788 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Delete the old LDAP database" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3790 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "mkdir /root/dbb.old mv /var/lib/ldap/* /root/dbb.old" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3796 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now you can put in a new, clean LDAP database with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3799 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "ldap-debian-edu-install" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3800 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In earlier versions of &slx; this command was called ldap-skolelinux-install" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3805 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Delete the home directories for the users whom you have just thrown out, 'rm -rf' dletes the entire directory, with asking. Be careful! rm -rf /skole/tjener/home/user1 rm -rf /skole/tjener/home/user2 osv" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3814 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "De aware that you are now permanently deleting these home directories. Just in case you might regret this action later, it's wise to take a backup before you delete them. See" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3817 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If this doesn't work, you can put in the old LDAP databasen again" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3820 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "/etc/init.d/slapd stop /etc/init.d/nscd stop mkdir /root/dbb2.old mv /var/lib/ldap/* /root/dbb2.old slapadd -l /root/ldap.old.ldif /etc/init.d/slapd start /etc/init.d/nscd start" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3832 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once in a while, it's wise to make a copy of the LDAP database," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3835 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "slapcat -l /root/ldap.TodaysDate.ldif" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3851 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Configuration/Use of the Most Used Programs" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3856 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Webmin" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3857 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Webmin is the place where you can control all of &slx; with your web browser." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3858 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find Webmin by pointing your web browser to https://tjener.intern:10000" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3862 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "OpenOffice.org" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3863 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find OOo in K-menu OpenOffice.org OpenOffice.org Writer " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3871 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "OOo can also be started from the command line with the command oowriter." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3874 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Starting OOo the First and Second Time" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3877 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "OOo, External Address Book" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3883 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 90: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3889 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first time you start OOo it will ask you what kind of external address book you have. Here you can safely choose "Cancel"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3892 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "OOo, Registration" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3898 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 91: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3903 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The second time you start up OOo, it will ask you if you want to register as a user of OOo. For the sake of simplicity, you can choose "Never register"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3906 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Personal Configuration of OOo" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3907 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It pays to first configure OOo according to your own preference. OOo has an enormous number of various configurations, everything from the colour of the buttons to what the different buttons do when you click on them." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3908 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find all of these configurations under Tools Options .
OOo, Options FIXME 92: description of image
The first thing I usually do is change the size of the buttons. I prefer large buttons. You find this choice under OpenOffice.org View Large buttons" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3930 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "While you are there in Options, have a look at the other options that you have. You can set up Kmail as your email program, your preferred web browser. This is done under OpenOffice.org External programs " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3937 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "OOo, External Programs" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3943 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 93: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3948 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are several useful things you can do here, for example under OpenOffice.org Load/Save General you have the opportunity to set up OOo so that it always saves a document in either OOo-format, or in another format such as Microsoft Word 97/2000/XP" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3953 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "OOo has 3 toolbars. The one on the left is called the "Main Toolbar". The one at the top (the one that has the printer icon) is called the "Function Bar". The one that is under that (the one that has underlining and italics) is called the "Object Bar"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3956 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Using OOo" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3959 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "OOo, Toolbars" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3965 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 94: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3971 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Exporting Directly to PDF-format" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3972 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's often great to be able to produce a text for others, without giving them the possibility to change the contents. It's also nice to be able to send a document without worrying about whether the person receiving it has OpenOffice.org or MS Word. The format that makes this possible is pdf. In the next version of OpenOffice.org, version 1.1, it's possible to convert to pdf-format just by clicking on a button, like this:
Printing Directly to pdf-Format FIXME 95: description of image
While you wait for version 1.1 in &slx; you'll just have to use the old method for converting to PDF, that is, by setting up a "PDF printer"." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3988 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Start OpenOffice.org Printer Administration, choose New Printer. Now select Connect a PDF converter. Click on Next. Now choose the default driver and again click on Next. Mark the long line that contains /usr/bin/gs, and then choose a target directory such as pdf. Remember that this directory must exist, because this is where your exported pdf files end up. Then you give a name to this printer- the suggested name is fine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3991 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "PDF-Conversion for All" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3992 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "If you find out that all of your users need access to a PDF converter, without having to go through a long and complicated process of configuration, you can do it for them. Start by logging yourself in as a test user, referred to here as test. If yours is called something else, then you must replace the name test with the username that you use. Configure and set up a pdf-converter, with the target directory as pdf. The result of this will be a new OpenOffice configuration file, placed in /skole/tjener/home0/test/.openoffice/1.0.2/user/psprint/psprint.conf. The contents of this file is \n" "[PDF-konvertering]\n" "Printer=SGENPRT/PDF-konvertering\n" "DefaultPrinter=0\n" "Location=\n" "Comment=\n" "Command=/usr/bin/gs -q -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=\"(OUTFILE)\" -\n" "Features=pdf=/skole/tjener/home0/test/pdf\n" "Copies=1\n" "Scale=0\n" "Orientation=Portrait\n" "PSLevel=0\n" "ColorDevice=0\n" "ColorDepth=24\n" "MarginAdjust=0,0,0,0\n" "PPD_PageSize=A4\n" "PerformFontSubstitution=true\n" "SubstFont_Arial=Helvetica\n" "SubstFont_Times New Roman=Times\n" "SubstFont_Cumberland=Courier\n" "SubstFont_Timmons=Times\n" "SubstFont_Helmet=Helvetica\n" "SubstFont_Thorndale=Times\n" "SubstFont_Albany=Helvetica\n" "SubstFont_Courier New=Courier\n" "If all of your users had had this file, then they would automatically see this printer in the list of installed printers, but temember that the target directory must reflect the user in question." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3994 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can either "share" this file for all of your users with the help of a couple of simple scripts, or you can have a look at the files that are in the directory /usr/lib/openoffice/share. It's possible to change these according to your needs, but it pays to do this prior to the first time your users start up OpenOffice.org." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3995 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Instead, I will show you the commands I just used to automatically set up pdf-conversion for all of my users." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:3996 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After having first set up the pdf-converter for my user test, I copy the resulting file over to all of my users: for dir in /skole/tjener/home0/*;do cp /skole/tjener/home0/test/.openoffice/1.0.2/user/psprint/psprint.conf $dir/.openoffice/1.0.2/user/psprint/psprint.conf;chown --reference=$dir $dir/.openoffice/1.0.2/user/psprint/psprint.conf;done When this has been done, all of my users will get a new printer in the list of accessbile printers when they try to print out from OpenOffice. Please note that they have to first start up OpenOffice or else they won't have the necesary directories in their home directory. After that you must replace the reference to the test user that is found in the file. cd /skole/tjener/home0 for dir in *;do perl -pi.bak -e \"s/test/$dir/\" $dir/.openoffice/1.0.2/user/psprint/psprint.conf;chown --reference=$dir $dir/.openoffice/1.0.2/user/psprint/psprint.conf;done Now all of your users should have a pdf-converter, as well as the directory pdf as a target directory. Please note that this only concerns users who have already started up OpenOffice. The only thing that is missing now is that they all have the directory pdf." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4007 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "for dir in /skole/tjener/home0/*;do mkdir $dir/pdf;chown --reference=$dir $dir/pdf;done" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4010 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Please note that there are many possibilities for fun things such as ensuring that all users get the directory pdf set up when the user is created in Webmin, as well as other exciting things such as everyone getting this pdf-converter automatically set up when they start OpenOffice the first time. See , but more about this another time." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4015 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kmail" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4018 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail Icon" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4024 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 96: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4029 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find KMail under K-menu Internet KMail " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4036 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can also get up the K-menu by pressing ALT F1 " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4042 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you see is this:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4045 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail Startup Screen" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4051 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 97: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4056 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you do is to set up KMail so that you can send and receive email. Go to the menu line and click on Settings Configure KMail... " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4061 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you get a list of menu choices on the left. Let's start with "Identity"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4064 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail Identity" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4070 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 98: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4075 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is where you fill in correct information in the fields Name, Organization, Email Address, Reply-To Addressand, if desired, Signature." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4078 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail Network" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4084 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 99: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4090 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Next you have to make KMail ready for sending and receiving email. Click on Network. This depends a bit on how your Internet provider handles your mail, for example SMTP, then you must choose sendmail, or fill out the name of your SMTP-server." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4094 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail New Account, Pop3" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4100 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 100: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4106 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Next, you must add an account so that you can get your mail. You do this by going to Incoming Mail Add... " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4111 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is where you fill in correct information about Name (that is, what you yourself want to call this account), Username, Password, Host, Port (which is most often 110)." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4112 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's important to decide here whether you want the password to be saved in a file (as clear text), or if you don't want that, which means that the password will have to be typed in every time someone gets their email. The later is the most secure and most often recommended. The next thing you have to consider is if you want people to be able to only get a copy of the email or get their email and have it deleted form the server. If you make the first choice (not deleting the email) then the server will get filled up with email, even if you delete it locally in KMail." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4115 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail New Account, IMAP" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4121 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 101: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4126 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "IMAP is another type of account. Here you must fill in correct information about Name (what you yourself want to call the account), Username, Password, Host, Port (which is most often 143). If you aren't sure what the different fields mean, you can click on "hjelp" to get an explanation." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4129 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, Confirm Before Send" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4135 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 102: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4140 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you want to require confirmation before sending an email, put a cross in this box. You will then have to confirm that you really want to send an email, which can be a good thing if you just happen to accidentally hit the Send button." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4143 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, Security Settings" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4149 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 103: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4155 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "People often get emails in the form of an HTML-file (which is not used any other place than on the Internet), typically from Outlook. There is a certain degree of security risk involved with these files; but by choosing clear text over HTML it can sometimes make things a bit cumbersome. By putting a cross here, it's easier to look at pictures that are sent as email." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4159 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, Miscellaneous Settings" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4165 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 104: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4171 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Here you have the possiblity of choosing to empty the trash when you exit KMail, or to keep trash size below a set mimit. You can also choose a nice melody to be played when you get an email." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4173 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Using KMail" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4177 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, Menu Line" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4183 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 105: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4189 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Some of the buttons here are inactive. You can see that they are a lighter shade and you can't click on them because they won't accomplish anything in that particular situation. The buttons that are active and clearly presented are functional. By clicking on the picture of a mailbox with a blue arrow pointing down, you will get email from your mail server. by clicking on the picture with a blank piece of paper you can start to compose a new email." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4195 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, New Email" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4201 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 106: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4207 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By clicking on the blank piece of paper or going in to the menu Message New Message... another window will appear with a different toolbar. The most important thing here is the picture of a paper clip. By clicking on that, you open up the file manager where you can choose a file to attach as an attachment. The paper clip symbolises an attachment. The other important item here is the picture of an envelope with a blue arrow pointing up. By clicking on that you send off the email." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4214 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, Email Toolbar" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4220 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 107: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4228 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KMail, Folder Toolbar" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4234 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 108: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4242 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Automatic Start and Checking of Email at Login." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4243 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It is possible to set up KDE so that it starts KMail automatically, as well as checks for email when you login. This is done by copying a shortcut to KMail into the file .kde/Autostart. See section" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4244 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By changing a little of the shortcut file KMail.desktop, you can get KMail to check for email when it starts up. The file KMail.desktop contains a line that tells something about which options are available when KMail is started up" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4245 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "Exec=kmail -caption \"%c\" %i %m" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4247 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By changing this to Exec=kmail -caption \"%c\" %i %m -check it will automatically check for email." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4254 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Konqueror, File Manager" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4256 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You find the file manager in K-menu Home Directory " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4262 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Your home directory is that part of the hard drive where your files are stored. The symbol for your home directory is a house." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4263 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The file manager is, in fact, a web browser called Konqueror. In its current version, Konquerer is not a very good web browser. However, it does function great as a file manager." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4267 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "File Manager, Home Icon" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4273 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 109: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4279 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I think it's nice to "see" what I've got in my files, by going to the menu View Preview and by clicking on, for example, "Images",then you can see things a bit more clearly." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4283 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can create new directories/folders by right-clicking somewhere in the background of the file manager. Then a menu pops up where you then choose "Create New" and "Directory". If you want to move a file into another directory, then you can simply "drag" it over to the directory in question by holding the left mouse button down while moving the file over to the directory, then releasing the button when you are over the directory. Alternatively, you can press the right mouse button (that is, right-click) on the file you want to move and a menu pops up. Click on Cut, then find the directory you want to move the file to, right-click on that directory and another menu pops up. Choose Paste and the file is transferred." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4284 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it's good to be able to see the contents of two directories simultaneously. You can make this happen by choosing Window Split View Left/Right . Then you can easily move files in a clear manner between directories." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4290 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KSirc" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4294 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "kpackage" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4295 #, no-c-format #. Tag: remark msgid "There should be a link here to the sections about installation and maintenance of packages." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4299 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Gimp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4300 #, no-c-format #. Tag: remark msgid "It often happens that Gimp goes "crazy" and grabs all of power from the processor and the available memory from the machine, which is a bit of a problem when it affects an entire school class, so a little bit about kpm should be put in here" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4305 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Opera" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4309 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Mozilla" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4310 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The version of Mozilla that officially accompanies Debian Woody/Skolelinux is version 1.0. This can be installed with the command apt-get install mozilla This version is a bit old, so in some cases it may be worthwhile to install a newer version. The latest version is 1.6. By using a text editor to temporarily add the line deb http://www.backports.org/debian stable mozilla to the file /etc/apt/sources.list, and then updating the database, you can then install the program with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4313 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install mozilla" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4316 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Acrobat Reader as Plugin for Mozilla/Konqueror" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4317 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "By having the line deb ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/ stable main\n" " in /etc/apt/sources.list then you can use the command apt-get install acroread-plugin to add a plugin that starts Acrobat Reader when you want to view a pdf-file using Mozilla." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4323 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Adding a Plugin to view NRK-TV and other film clips on the Internet" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4324 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You need to install mplayer first. The you add a so-called plugin that starts mplayer in the web browser when it is needed. You will find instructions for the installation of mplayer here: . The plugin is called mplayerplug-in and can be downloaded from mplayerplug-in. After you have downloaded the file, then you have to unpack it and compile it yourself. This is all explained on the webpage but I will repeat it here. tar -xzvf mplayerplug-in-1.2.tar.gz cd mplayerplug-in ./configure make cp mplayerplug-in.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins After that, you must restart Mozilla." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4330 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In the event that the version of mplayerplug-in is NOT 1.2, but a different number, then you must use that number instead of 1.2." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4335 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Macromedia Flash Player Plugin for Mozilla" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4336 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This package comes from the same place as mplayer and Acrobat Reader, that is, ftp.nerim.net. Make certain that that line is active in the file /etc/apt/sources.list. Then you just install it with" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4337 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install flashplayer-mozilla" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4343 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kstars" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4347 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kgeo" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4352 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Useful Programs that are not Included on the &slx; CD" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4355 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Acrobat Reader" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4356 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "By using your favourite text editor to add the line deb ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/ stable main to the file /etc/apt/sources.list, see , and then updating the database, you can then use your favourite package manager (see or ) to install Acrobat Reader" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4357 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "These are the necessary packages to install tjener:~# apt-cache search acrobat\n" "acroread - Adobe Acrobat Reader: Portable Document Format file viewer\n" "acroread-debian-files - Debian specific parts of Adobe Acrobat Reader\n" "acroread-plugin - Adobe Acrobat(R) Reader plugin for mozilla / konqueror\n" " These can be installed with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4359 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install acroread acroread-debian-files acroread-plugin" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4364 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Mplayer" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4365 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a super multimedia player, which you can use to play DVD, AVI, MPEG, WMV, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4366 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This program is not included with &slx;; it must be downloaded. To do this, you have to add the following line to the file /etc/apt/sources.listdeb ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/ stable main and then complete the installation process with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4366 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "apt-get update" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4367 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "apt-get install mplayer" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4369 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Of course, you can use your favourite package manage instead, such as , or" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4373 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Integration of Other Linux Distributions into &slx; with ldap and autofs" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4374 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "These are some short notes made during holidays" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4375 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "Ok, here comes an unpolished howto-workaround, getting a Knoppix \n" "workstation to authenticate against the Skolelinux ldap, with autofs.\n" "Someone should try to make this work with suse, fedore, mandrake and \n" "many more.\n" "\n" "[to get ldap working]\n" "[1]\n" "apt-get install libnss-ldap libpam-ldap nscd\n" "[2]\n" "Then copy from a working Skolelinux Workstation the files \n" "/etc/nsswitch.conf\n" "/etc/libnss-ldap.conf\n" "/etc/nscd.conf\n" "and all the files from \n" "/etc/pam.d/\n" "\n" "[to get autofs working]\n" "To get autofs working I first tried everthing I could think of, probably I \n" "did one thing too much, but it works, but it is very unpolished.\n" "[1]\n" "apt-get install autofs-ldap ldap-utils libldap2 libnss-ldap libpam-ldap\n" "[2]\n" "Remove /etc/auto.master\n" "Copy from a working Skolelinux Workstation the files\n" "/etc/default/autofs\n" "[3]\n" "Copy from a working Skolelinux Workstation\n" "/etc/init.d/autofs\n" "and then rerun\n" "update-rc.d -f autofs defaults 20\n" "[4]\n" "Copy from a working Skolelinux Workstation all the files in \n" "/etc/ldap/schema\n" "[5]\n" "Probably also copied from a working Skolelinux Workstation the file\n" "/etc/pam_ldap.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4378 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Seamless Integration of Mac OS X Machines" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4379 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In L-97 (the current Norwegian National School Curriculum)there are some goals that would be more easily facilitated through the use of Mac OS X machines, especially in the areas of Art and Crafts. So it would be great if these machines could be integrated with the rest of the &slx;network, same password/username and home directory." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4380 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "I used IKT-driftshåndbok for Skolelinux as a starting point, with the following changes:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4382 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "On the &slx; Main server I did NOT put in insecure in the exports file /etc/exports" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4385 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "In order to get automount to function, I created this file on the Mac \n" "{\n" " \"name\" = ( \"mounts\" );\n" " CHILDREN = (\n" " {\n" " \"opts\" = ( \"-P\" );\n" " \"name\" = ( \"tjener:/skole/tjener/home0\" );\n" " \"type\" = ( \"nfs\" );\n" " \"dir\" = ( \"/skole/tjener/home0\" );\n" " }\n" " )\n" "}\n" " and named it the mounts_table. Then run the command sudo niload -r /mounts . < mounts_table" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4392 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Software RAID in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4394 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This can easily go wrong, resulting in the loss of everything you have on the disks!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4395 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You have been warned!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4396 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "THIS DOESN'T WORK OPTIMALLY." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4399 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "A Quick and "Unpolished" Recipe for Software RAID in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4401 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You need to install this package" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4402 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "apt-get install mdadm" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4405 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to be able to partition the empty disk, you have to first stop the application smartsuit" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4406 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "/etc/init.d/smartsuite stop" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4409 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have previously had software RAID on the disks, then you can remove the superblock with mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/hd{a,c}{1,5,6}" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4412 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "sfdisk -d /dev/hda | sed 's/Id=83/Id=fd/g ; s/Id=8e/Id=fd/g' | sfdisk /dev/hdc" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4415 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "echo 'DEV /dev/sd* /dev/hd*' > /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4418 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "mdadm --create /dev/md/1 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/hdc1 mdadm --create /dev/md/5 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/hdc5 mdadm --create /dev/md/6 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/hdc6 mdadm -E -s | grep ARRAY >> /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4427 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "pvcreate /dev/md5 -ff vgscan pvcreate /dev/md6 -ff vgscan" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4436 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "vgcreate vg_md_system /dev/md/6 vgcreate vg_md_data /dev/md/5" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4443 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Take the machine down to runlevel 1, but keep SSH so you can do this remote" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4443 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "for ALL in $(ls /etc/rc1.d/K* | grep -v ssh) ; do $ALL stop ; done for ALL in $(ls /etc/rc2.d/S* | grep -v ssh) ; do $ALL stop ; done" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4450 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "mkfs.ext3 /dev/md/1 ; mount /dev/md/1 /mnt ; cp -ax / /mnt vgdisplay -v | grep -E \"^LV Name|^LV Size\"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4454 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "vgdisplay -v | grep -E \"^LV Name|^LV Size\"\n" "LV Name /dev/vg_data/lv_home0\n" "LV Size 416 MB\n" "LV Name /dev/vg_data/lv_backup\n" "LV Size 512 MB\n" "LV Name /dev/vg_system/lv_swap\n" "LV Size 96 MB\n" "LV Name /dev/vg_system/lv_var\n" "LV Size 160 MB\n" "LV Name /dev/vg_system/lv_usr\n" "LV Size 448 MB" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4454 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Make sure that the sizes match with the results you get with the command vgdisplay -v and what you get with lvcreate" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4455 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "lvcreate vg_md_data -n lv_home0 -L 416M lvcreate vg_md_data -n lv_backup -L 512M lvcreate vg_md_system -n lv_swap -L 96M lvcreate vg_md_system -n lv_var -L 160M lvcreate vg_md_system -n lv_usr -L 448M" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4466 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "umount /mnt ; mkfs.ext3 /dev/md/1 ; mount /dev/md/1 /mnt ; cp -ax / /mnt for ALL in /dev/vg_md*/lv_* ; do mkfs.ext3 $ALL; done mkswap /dev/vg_md_system/lv_swap" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4475 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "sed s/vg_/vg_md_/ /etc/fstab | sed s/[hs]da1/md1/ > /mnt/etc/fstab cp /mnt/etc/fstab /root mount | grep \"^/dev/vg_\" | sed s/vg_/vg_md_/ | while read DEV NULL MOUNT NULL ; do mount $DEV /mnt$MOUNT ; done cp -a /usr /var /skole /mnt" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4485 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "cd /mnt/dev ; /sbin/MAKEDEV std sda sdb hda hdb hdc hdd hde hdf hdg hdh md console sed s:DELAY=0:DELAY=5: /etc/mkinitrd/mkinitrd.conf > /mnt/etc/mkinitrd/mkinitrd.conf mkinitrd -o /mnt/boot/initrd.img-$(uname -r) -r /dev/md1 rm /mnt/vmlinuz* /mnt/initrd.img* cd /mnt/boot ; ln -s vmlinuz-$(uname -r) vmlinuz ; ln -s initrd.img-$(uname -r) initrd.img echo -e \"\\ntitle Raid\\nroot (hd1,0)\\nkernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/md1 ro\\ninitrd /boot/initrd.img\\nboot\" >> /boot/grub/menu.lst" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4494 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to choose "Raid" in the GRUB menu when you boot, or else you can set "Raid" to be the default boot option." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4498 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "REBOOT" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4503 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "fdisk -l /dev/hdc" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4503 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Partition /dev/hda just the same as /dev/hdc is partitioned. \n" "tjener:~# fdisk /dev/hda\n" "\n" "The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4092.\n" "There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,\n" "and could in certain setups cause problems with:\n" "1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)\n" "2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs\n" " (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)\n" "\n" "Command (m for help): t\n" "Partition number (1-6): 1\n" "Hex code (type L to list codes): fd\n" "Changed system type of partition 1 to fd (Linux raid autodetect)\n" "\n" "Command (m for help): t\n" "Partition number (1-6): 5\n" "Hex code (type L to list codes): fd\n" "Changed system type of partition 5 to fd (Linux raid autodetect)\n" "\n" "Command (m for help): t\n" "Partition number (1-6): 6\n" "Hex code (type L to list codes): fd\n" "Changed system type of partition 6 to fd (Linux raid autodetect)\n" "\n" "Command (m for help): p\n" "\n" "Disk /dev/hda: 16 heads, 63 sectors, 4092 cylinders\n" "Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 bytes\n" "\n" " Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System\n" "/dev/hda1 * 1 271 136552+ fd Linux raid autodetect\n" "/dev/hda2 272 4092 1925784 f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)\n" "/dev/hda5 272 2497 1121872+ fd Linux raid autodetect\n" "/dev/hda6 2498 4009 762016+ fd Linux raid autodetect\n" "\n" "Command (m for help): w\n" "The partition table has been altered!\n" "\n" "Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\n" "\n" "WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Enheten eller ressursen opptatt.\n" "The kernel still uses the old table.\n" "The new table will be used at the next reboot.\n" "Syncing disks.\n" "tjener:~#\n" " mdadm /dev/md/1 --add /dev/hda1 cat /proc/mdstat mkinitrd -o /boot/initrd.img-$(uname -r) -r /dev/md1 REBOOT mdadm /dev/md/5 --add /dev/hda5 mdadm /dev/md/6 --add /dev/hda6 fikse /boot/grub/menu.lst\n" "title Skolelinux/Woody\n" "root (hd0,0)\n" "kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/md1 ro\n" "initrd /boot/initrd.img\n" "savedefault\n" "boot\n" "\n" "[remember grub sees the disks in order, with 0 as the first]\n" " echo -e 'root (hd1,0)\\nsetup (hd0)' | grub --batch echo -e 'root (hd0,0)\\nsetup (hd0)' | grub --batch vgrename vg_md_data vg_data vgrename vg_md_system vg_system sed s/vg_md_/vg_/ /etc/fstab > /etc/fstab2 && mv /etc/fstab2 /etc/fstab REBOOT" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4531 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now you can take one of the disks and what happens." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4537 newdriftbok.en.sgml:4544 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KDE3.X in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4539 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember that &slx; uses KDE2, so if you use KDE3 you're on your own." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4545 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To get KDE3.1 into &slx; you have to add this line to the file /etc/apt/sources.list, see deb http://download.kde.org/stable/3.1.5/Debian stable main. After that run the commands" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4545 #, no-c-format #. Tag: cmdsynopsis msgid "apt-get update apt-get install kdebase" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4547 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Don't panic when you see a whole bunch of packages being deleted. This normally happens when you try to put KDE3 into &slx;, but remember this is not recommended." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4548 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "tjener:~# apt-get install kdebase\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" " ark artsbuilder efax enscript gv kalarm kappfinder kate kbabel kcalc kcharselect kcontrol kcron kdebase-bin kdebase-data\n" " kdebase-kio-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs-data kdelibs4 kdepasswd kdepim-libs kdeprint kdesktop kdewallpapers kdf kdict kdm kedit kfind\n" " kfloppy kgeo kghostview khelpcenter kicker kiconedit klipper kmail kmenuedit kmid kmidi kmix kmplot knode knotes konq-plugins konqueror\n" " konqueror-nsplugins konsole korganizer kpackage kpager kpaint kpersonalizer kruler kscd kscreensaver ksirc ksmserver ksnapshot ksplash\n" " kstars ksysguard ksysguardd ktip ktouch kview kwin libart-2.0-2 libarts1 libartsc0 libasound1 libdb4.0 libglib2.0-0 libkdenetwork2\n" " libkonq4 libmad0 libmimelib1 libpng3 libqt3-mt libsensors1 noatun noatun-plugins poster psutils quanta timidity\n" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " education-thin-client-server education-workstation kbear kchart kdebase-crypto kdebase-doc kdebase-libs kdelibs3 kdelibs3-bin\n" " kdelibs3-crypto kdelibs3-cups kformula kio-fish kivio klogic koffice koffice-libs kontour koshell kpm kpresenter krecord kschoolmenu\n" " kspread kugar kword libarts libarts-mpeglib libkdenetwork1 libkmid libkonq3 noteedit timidity-patches\n" "The following NEW packages will be installed:\n" " efax enscript gv kalarm kappfinder kcontrol kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs-data kdelibs4 kdeprint\n" " kdesktop khelpcenter kicker klipper kmenuedit konqueror-nsplugins kpager kpersonalizer ksmserver ksplash ksysguard ksysguardd ktip kwin\n" " libart-2.0-2 libarts1 libartsc0 libasound1 libdb4.0 libglib2.0-0 libkdenetwork2 libkonq4 libmad0 libpng3 libqt3-mt libsensors1 poster\n" " psutils timidity\n" "45 packages upgraded, 42 newly installed, 33 to remove and 37 not upgraded.\n" "Need to get 60.2MB of archives. After unpacking 1927kB will be freed.\n" "Do you want to continue? [Y/n]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4550 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KDE3.2 in &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4551 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To get KDE3.2 into &slx; a line must be added to /etc/apt/sources.list, see deb http://download.kde.org/stable/3.2/Debian stable main. After that, you must run the commands apt-get update apt-get install kdebaseIt's possible that apt-get dist-upgrade is also necessary" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4556 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "KDE3.1 on Thin Clients" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4558 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "To get thin clients to work, the following must be changed: In the file /etc/kde3/kdm/kdmrc [Xdmcp]\n" "Enable=true\n" "Willing=/etc/kde3/kdm/Xwilling\n" "Xaccess=/etc/kde3/kdm/Xaccess in the file /etc/kde3/kdm/Xaccess" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4563 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "* #any host can get a login window" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4568 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Compiling Your Own Programs" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4573 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Custom Start-up Logon for Thin Clients" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4574 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "When thin clients boot, you see a whole bunch of "cryptic" messages flying across the screen; it doesn't need to be that way. For thin clients that boot from a boot diskette, you can make your own start-up logo. That is, a picture comes up, for example one of yourself, with a little progress indicator. This is the best method to teach the students that they are not supposed to turn off a thin client. :-)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4577 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/linux-2.4.18.tar.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4580 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "http://umn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/ltsp/ltsp_initrd_kit-3.0.4-i386.tgz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4583 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "http://telia.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/etherboot/mknbi-1.2.tar.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4586 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "http://www.ltsp.org/contrib/lpp-2.4.18.patch.bz2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4589 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mv linux-2.4.18.tar.gz /tmp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4590 newdriftbok.en.sgml:4600 newdriftbok.en.sgml:4617 newdriftbok.en.sgml:4642 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd /tmp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4593 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "tar zvxf linux-2.4.18.tar.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4596 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mv linux linux-2.4.18-ltsp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4599 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mv ltsp_initrd_kit-3.0.4-i386.tgz /tmp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4603 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "tar zxvf ltsp_initrd_kit-3.0.4-i386.tgz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4604 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Dette som root." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4607 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd ltsp_initrd_kit" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4610 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mv config-2.4.18-ltsp-1 /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4613 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4614 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mv config-2.4.18-ltsp-1 .config" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4618 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "tar zvxf mknbi-1.2.tar.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4621 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd mknbi-1.2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4622 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "make" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4623 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "make install" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4624 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Dette installerer til /usr/local/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4627 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "bzip2 -d ~klaus/lpp/lpp-2.4.18.patch.bz2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4628 newdriftbok.en.sgml:4650 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4631 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cp /home/klaus/lpp/lpp-2.4.18.patch /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4632 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "patch -p1 < lpp-2.4.18.patch" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4635 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "make xconfig" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4636 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Load configuration from file. In the pop-up box, type .config" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4637 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Click on Console Drivers -> Frame Buffer Support." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4638 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "y option for Enable Linux Progress Patch (EXPERIMENTAL)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4639 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "y option for Virtual Frame Buffer Support (Only for Testing!)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4643 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "tar zxvf /tmp/custom_logo.tar.gz" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4644 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd /tmp/cd boot_logo" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4645 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "./boot_logo kde-logo.pcx linux_logo.h" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4646 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cp linux_logo.h /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp/include/linux/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4647 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cp fbprogress.h /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp/drivers/video/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4651 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "make dep && make bzImage && make modules && make modules_install" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4654 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cd /tmp/ltsp_initrd_kit/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4655 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "./buildk" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4656 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "tjener:/tmp/ltsp_initrd_kit# ./buildk\n" "\n" "You can prepare a kernel for the following type of workstation:\n" "\n" " 1 - PCI/ISA network card\n" " 2 - PCMCIA (laptop) network card\n" "\n" "Enter option (1-2) [2]: 1\n" "\n" "Kernel source directory [/usr/src/linux-2.4.18-ltsp]: /tmp/linux-2.4.18-ltsp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4659 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mkdir /tftpboot/lts/lpp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4661 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cp *2.4.18* /tftpboot/lts/lpp/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4664 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "mkdir /opt/ltsp/i386/lib/modules/linux-2.4.18-ltsp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4665 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "cp -ar /lib/modules/2.4.18/* /opt/ltsp/i386/lib/modules/linux-2.4.18-ltsp" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4674 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Extra External Accessory" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4676 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Digital Still Camera" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4680 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Digital Video Camera" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4684 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Scanner" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4688 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Reading List" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4692 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "CD/DVD" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4695 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "CD-burner" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4696 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you have downloaded a new version of &slx; and want to store it on a CD, then it's nice to be able to do this on a machine with &slx;" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4697 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you have to do is to find out "where" your CD-burner is to be found, with the command dmesg|grep hd can give you an idea of its location. Look for something that looks like this hdc: CD-RW CRX100E, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM driveIt's the hdc that shows the location of the CD-burner." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4699 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "The CD-burner's location must be specified in GRUB, see . Make sure that the start-up line that you use in GRUB contains the location of the CD- burner, such as this one: \n" "kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.24-1-k7 root=/dev/hda1 ro hdc=ide-scsi\n" " The important thing here is hdc=ide-scsi, which is done in the file /boot/grub/menu.lst" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4701 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "After that, you add some lines to the file /etc/modules.conf. Add htese lines at the end of the file, making certain that you use he correct location for your machine \n" "# SCSI Emulation\n" "alias scd0 sr_mod # load sr_mod upon access of scd0\n" "alias scsi_hostadapter ide-scsi # SCSI hostadapter emulation\n" "options ide-cd ignore=hdc # if /dev/hdc is your CD-Writer ignore=hdc\n" "\n" "If you also want to use the CD-player in the normal way, then you replace /dev/hdc with /dev/sr0, see the command hwinfo --cdrom for more info." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4705 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "CD-burner, method #2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4706 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "Add the following as the first lines in the file /etc/modules \n" "ide-scsi\n" "sg\n" "sr_mod\n" " and then correct hdc=ide-scsi in /boot/grub/menu.lst" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4713 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "DVD-player" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4714 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "In order to be able to play encrypted DVD films, you need some extra packages. To this file /etc/apt/sources.list add the folowing line deb http://download.videolan.org/pub/videolan/debian woody main and then run apt-get update followed by apt-get install libdvdcss2. I recommend the following DVD-players xine-ui, apt-get install xine-ui" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4718 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "USB Pendrive" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4719 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The are several types of USB pendrives, which operated in slightly different ways." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4721 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "USB Pendrive Recipe" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4723 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First make the following directory with this command: mkdir /mnt/usbpenn" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4726 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now add this line to the file /etc/fstab" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4727 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "/dev/sda1 /mnt/usbpenn vfat user,noauto 0 0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4730 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Some USB pendrives need a different line (sda1 instead of sda)" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4731 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "/dev/sda /mnt/usbpenn vfat user,noauto 0 0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4734 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The USB pendrive can now be mounted from the command line with mount /mnt/usbpenn" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4735 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This can be done in a way that you can mount and unmount it by clicking on an icon" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4738 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "See to find out how this is done for a thin client." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4781 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Various "Homemade" Solutions" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4788 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Downloading New Verisons of &slx; CD, in a Smart Way with the Help of rsync" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4789 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There are constantly new versions available of the &slx; CD. An entire CD is about 650MB, which with a normal ADSL line takes 2-3 hours to download, even longer time with ISDN. If you want to keep up with the latest version of the &slx; CD, you either have to download it yourself or get someone else to download it and burn it for you." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4790 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If you choose to download it yourself, there is a program that makes it possible to use as a starting point an existing CD that you have already downloaded and only download the files that are different in the newer version. In this way, you can download a new version (for example pr44) in a short time if you have the previous version(for example pr43), even using ISDN." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4791 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The command that makes this possible is rsync --no-whole-file \\--progress -vv --stats \\developer.skolelinux.no::skolelinux-cd/skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso \\/skole/tjener/home0/iso/skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso This is one single long line. ." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4795 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "What happens here is that the local file /skole/tjener/home0/iso/skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso gets "updated" so that it becomes identical with the file skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso that is stored on the Skolelinux ftp-server." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4796 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "But before you do this, you have to have a local copy on you computer that you want to update. In this example, the name of the copy is skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso and it is stored in the directory /skole/tjener/home0/iso/. If your local copy is called something else and is placed in another directory, you will need to remember to take that into account when you run the rsync command." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4797 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You may be wondering why I upgrade a local file skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso with a file by the same name from Skolelinux. That's because my local file skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso is really a skolelinux-i386-pr43.iso, but with a different name." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4799 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Recipe for Upgrading with rsync." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4801 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First you have to install the package rsync, apt-get install rsync" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4804 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Say you have a CD with skolelinux-i386-pr43.iso, which you want to upgrade to a newer version, for example pr44." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4805 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The first thing you have to do is to copy the contents of that CD over to your hard drive. You put the CD into the CD-ROM and then mount /cdrom" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4808 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can check if the CD is mounted with the command df -h. Look at the line" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4808 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "/dev/cdrom 692M 692M 0 100% /cdrom" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4811 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "After that you copy the old version from the CD over to you hard drive with the command dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/skole/tjener/home0/iso/skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso. Replace the pr44 with the number of the new version that you want to download" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4815 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Now all you have to do is execute the rsync command." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4819 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "If everything works the way it's supposed to do, you will see the following on the screen:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4820 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "klaus@tjener:/skole/tjener/home0/iso$ rsync --no-whole-file \n" "\\--progress -vv --stats \n" "\\developer.skolelinux.no::skolelinux-cd/skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso \n" "\\/skole/tjener/home0/iso/skolelinux-i386-pr44.iso\n" "opening tcp connection to developer.skolelinux.no port 873\n" "/skole/tjener/home0/iso/woody-i386-1.raw\n" " 679182336 100% 1.96MB/s 0:05:30\n" "rsync[1396] (receiver) heap statistics:\n" " arena: 115288 (bytes from sbrk)\n" " ordblks: 2 (chunks not in use)\n" " smblks: 0\n" " hblks: 0 (chunks from mmap)\n" " hblkhd: 0 (bytes from mmap)\n" " usmblks: 0\n" " fsmblks: 0\n" " uordblks: 101336 (bytes used)\n" " fordblks: 13952 (bytes free)\n" " keepcost: 13904 (bytes in releasable chunk)\n" "\n" "Number of files: 1\n" "Number of files transferred: 1\n" "Total file size: 679182336 bytes\n" "Total transferred file size: 679182336 bytes\n" "Literal data: 21512192 bytes\n" "Matched data: 657670144 bytes\n" "File list size: 35\n" "Total bytes written: 248397\n" "Total bytes read: 16827778\n" "\n" "wrote 248397 bytes read 16827778 bytes 42007.81 bytes/sec\n" "total size is 679182336 speedup is 39.77" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4822 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Make certain that you have at least 650MB free space when you download using rsync, because rsync creates a temporary file while it is downloading. This file grows and becomes equally large as the CD. When it's finished downloading, the temporary file gets deleted." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4833 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Preventing Users from Logging onto Several Thin Clients Simultaneously." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4834 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This can be a real problem when a user logs onto several thin clients at the same time, for example if he tries to change the background picture in both places." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4835 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The solution is to set up a little test when a user logs on, to check if he is already logged on. If he is, then he is prevented from logging on again." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4836 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The script that makes this possible, or rather makes it impossible for one user to log on to several thin clients simultaneously is found in the file /etc/X11/Xsession.d/10skolelinux-one-login-per-host. YOu will also find instructions there as to how this script should be started. It is started by creating a so-called "flag file" with the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4837 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "tjener:~# touch /etc/skolelinux/limit-logins" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4839 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the contents of the file that does the job of preventing one user from logging on to several thin clients simultaneously." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4841 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "more /etc/X11/Xsession.d/10skolelinux-one-login-per-host\n" "\n" "#!/bin/sh\n" "# Make sure a given user do not log into the same computer twice.\n" "# When this is done on an LTSP server, the KDE configuration is likely\n" "# to be destroyed.\n" "#\n" "\n" "# debug=1\n" "log() {\n" " if [ \"$debug\" ] ; then\n" " echo \"$@\"\n" " fi\n" "}\n" "\n" "limit_logins()\n" "{\n" " num=1\n" " numps=0\n" " u=$LOGNAME\n" " # Do not try to limit the root user\n" " if [ \"$u\" != \"root\" ] ; then\n" " num=`who | cut -d\" \" -f1 | grep \"^$LOGNAME\\$\" | wc -l`\n" " fi\n" "\n" " log \"Found $num connections for user $LOGNAME\"\n" "\n" " if [ \"$num\" -gt 1 ] ; then\n" " numps=`ps -eu \"$LOGNAME\" | grep -v -e sleep -e COMMAND|wc -l`\n" " num=`expr $numps + 1`\n" "\n" " fi\n" " if [ $num -gt 1 ] ; then\n" " xmessage -buttons greit:0 -timeout 30 -center \\\n" " \"You are NOT permitted to log on to more than one machine at the same time!\"\n" " exit 1\n" " fi\n" "}\n" "\n" "# Only enable this if the flag file exists. When the code is tested\n" "# and found to work fine, we can enable it for everyone. [pere 2003-02-21]\n" "# To enable this script you must create an empty file with the command\n" "# touch /etc/skolelinux/limit-logins\n" "# [klaus 2003-09-06]\n" "\n" "if [ -f /etc/skolelinux/limit-logins ] ; then\n" " limit_logins\n" "fi" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4844 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Kicking Out a User" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4845 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it is necessary to kick a user out. This is the little script that takes care of that." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4846 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "#!/bin/sh\n" "# Saved as for example\n" "#/usr/local/bin/ut\n" "#Remember chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/ut\n" "#Used in this way\n" "#'ut username'\n" "# script to kick out a user\n" "#\n" "\n" "if [ $1 != \"root\" ]\n" "then\n" "for i in $(pgrep -u $1)\n" "do\n" "kill -9 $i\n" "done\n" "else\n" "clear\n" "echo \"Cannot kick out root.\"\n" "fi" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4847 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The script is used in this way, to kick out the user named klaus," msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4848 #, no-c-format #. Tag: command msgid "ut klaus" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4852 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Ensuring that all Processes/Programs are Really Finished When Logging Out" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4853 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It's a bit of a problem when OpenOffice often freezes when ending the program, even after the user has logged out. It seems as if shutting off OpenOffice by clicking on the "x" up in the right corner doesn't really do the job right. And if OpenOffice freezes that way, it may not start again when the next user logs on." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4854 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "There is a way to ensure that all processes really are finished when a user logs out." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4856 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Ensuring that all Processes are Finished" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4858 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is the script that does the job. You can call it something like finish.sh:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4859 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "#!/bin/bash\n" "# License: GPL\n" "#klaus@skolelinux.no\n" "#This script can be saved as /usr/local/bin/finish.sh\n" "#remember chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/finish.sh\n" "KILL=/usr/bin/pkill\n" "# root can do whatever he wants\n" "[ -x $KILL ] || exit\n" "[ \"$1\" -a \"$1\" != \"root\" ] || exit\n" "# first let's be polite\n" "$KILL -u $1\n" "#then we wait 5 seconds\n" "sleep 5s\n" "#before we finally finish them off\n" "$KILL -9 -u $1" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4862 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Place this script in a directory such as /usr/local/bin/" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4866 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "To make sure that this script is run every time the user logs out, use a text editor to add this line /usr/local/bin/finish.sh $USER to the file /etc/kde2/kdm/Xreset" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4869 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Remember to make the script executeable by running the command" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4869 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/finish.sh" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4872 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This script will make certain that all processes currently run by a user will really be terminated when he logs out, with the exception of root processes." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4875 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Placing Desktop Icons for Several Users Simultaneously" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4876 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "For more information about desktop icons and menus, see" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4877 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes it can be nice for all users to have a specific desktop icon. If you have 1000 users, then it's even nicer if you can place that icon on everyone's desktop in one sweep." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4878 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "" "All shortcuts are really a file. These files are stored in the directory Desktop in the user's home directory. For example, the file that represents the shortcut to the web browser Mozilla is Mozilla_Navigator.desktop; the contents of the file start with: \n" "[Desktop Entry]\n" "Type=Application\n" "Exec=mozilla\n" "Name=Mozilla Navigator\n" "Comment=Mozilla Navigator\n" "Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla.xpm\n" " This is where you find information about where the program is installed, what kind of icon is used, etc." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4882 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "For example, if you want everyone to have the icon for OpenOffice.org on their desktop as a shortcut (the file in this case is called textdoc.desktop), then you have to do the following as root:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4884 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "A File Distributed to All Users Simultaneously" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4886 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "First you have to manually add this shortcut to the desktop of one user, for example the user "test". The shortcut will then be found in the directory /skole/tjener/home0/test/Desktop/textdoc.desktop." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4889 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The next thing you do is create a script that does the following:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4892 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Copies the file textdoc.desktop over to theDesktop-directory for all of your uesrs." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4895 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Ensures that the permissions for this file are correct, that is they are set up so that they are owned by the user, and not by the root." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4900 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "#!/bin/sh\n" "#Saved as e.g. spread-desktop\n" "#used as follows ./spread-desktop path-to-target.desktop \n" "#remember to make the script executeable with chmod 755 spread-desktop\n" "#If the users are stored somewhere other than home0, then you must \n" "#ahange the variable HOMEDIRS below accordingly.\n" "#If your home directories are in different directories on \n" "#/skole/tjener/home0, e.g. /skole/tjener/home0/2004-A,\n" "#then you need to add them all to HOMEDIRS using the spacebar to separate them.\n" "#For example HOMEDIRS=\"/skole/tjener/home0/2004-B /skole/tjener/home0/2004-A\"\n" "#\n" "HOMEDIRS=\"/skole/tjener/home0\"\n" "#\n" "# If there is a \"Desktop\"-directory, then we copy into it.\n" "copykde () {\n" " if [ -d $U/Desktop ]\n" " then\n" " cp -a \"$FILE\" $U/Desktop\n" " DEST=\"`basename \\\"$FILE\\\"`\"\n" " chown --reference=$U/ $U/Desktop/\"$DEST\"\n" " fi\n" " }\n" "while [ $# -gt 0 ]\n" " do\n" " FILE=\"$1\"\n" " if [ -f \"$FILE\" ]\n" " then\n" "# find all folders under /home\n" " for H in $HOMEDIRS\n" " do\n" " USERLIST=\"`ls -ad $H/*`\"\n" " if [ \"$USERLIST\" ]\n" " then\n" "# for each user\n" " for U in $USERLIST\n" " do\n" " copykde\n" " done\n" " fi\n" " done\n" " fi\n" " shift\n" "done" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4901 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "You can save this script in the root home directory. In this example, the file textdoc.desktop is found under the user test, so the command to copy this file over to all of your uses will be:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4902 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "./spread-desktop /skole/tjener/home0/test/Desktop/textdoc.desktop" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4908 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Other "Brilliant" Linux Distributions" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4910 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Snøfrix id=\"snofrix\"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4911 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a version of Knoppix; see , made by Conrad Newton, conrad.newton@broadpark.no." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4912 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This CD can be downloaded from ftp.skolelinux.no/skolelinux/knoppixes/snofrix." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4913 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Previously the CD was called "NordisKids"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4914 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is what Conrad Newton himself has to say about Snøfrix:" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4915 #, no-c-format #. Tag: screen msgid "" "For those of you familiar with other Linux/Knoppix based CDs,\n" "it can perhaps best be summarized by saying that NordisKids\n" "lives at the intersection point of Morphix Gamer, Freeduc,\n" "and the OpenCD.\n" "\n" "In plain language, this means that the CD contains lots of games,\n" "lots of educational software, as well as Windows installers of\n" "Norwegian OpenOffice.org 1.1 and Norwegian Mozilla 1.5.\n" "\n" "The making of this CD is an unashamed attempt to win popularity for Linux! \n" "I call it \"NordisKids\", because like NordisKnoppix it will eventually\n" "support all the languages of the Nordic region. For the time being,\n" "it only exists in Norwegian language, and only on this website. \n" "I hope to have versions ready for the other Nordic languages before\n" "too long. But before then, I need your feedback.\n" "\n" "The focus group is children (hence the \"Kids\"), because they are usually \n" "less reluctant than adults to try something new. My hope is that they \n" "will start by playing games (Question: how did YOU get into computers?), \n" "and then discover that the CD contains other interesting/useful software. \n" "The CD is likely to be interesting to teachers as well." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4918 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Knoppix" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4919 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is probably the most popular all of those "live CD's"" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4920 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It can be downloaded from the homepage, knoppix.org" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4923 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "BBC" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4924 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a so-called "business card", that is, it is a mini-Liux distribution, only 50MB and can fit on one of those small business card CD's. Suitable as utility for quickly getting a Linux system running on a computer, it can then easily get on the net." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4925 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "BBC can be downloaded from " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4928 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "SLAX" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4929 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "SLAX is a "live CD" which is based on the Linux distribution called Slackware. SLAX is a relatively small CD, about 190MB, containing nothing more than a KDE3.2. You get everything you need to burn a cd/dvd, as long as you have a CD-burner or DVD-burner and an extra CD-ROM in your machine." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4932 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Tomsrtbt" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4933 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is a little but powerful, one-diskette Linux distribution.It is well suited for quickly and simply testing if a computer works, what kind of components it has (graphics card, processor, RAM, hard drive, etc.). It is easy to get a machine on the net with the help of tomsrtbt. It can be downloaded from " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4937 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Freeduc, Live CD-ROM of Free Foftware for Schools" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4938 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "This is yet another "live CD", with a focus on educational software. The homepage for Freeduc is " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4939 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "It can be downloaded from " msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4943 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Various Nice Little Scripts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4945 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Little Scripts" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4948 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Remove Comment Lines" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4949 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Most system files are full of comment lines, that is lines with a #-symbol in front. These are lines that the program disregards. Sometimes we aren't interested in viewing these comment lines. We only want to see the lines that work. The command egrep -v '^#|^$' <filename> will filter out these comment lines when viewing the file- they won't actually be removed from the file itself." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4951 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Making Changes in Several Files Simultaneously" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4952 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Sometimes you have the need to make the same change to several different files, for example the configuration files for your users. Either you open them one by one and use the entire day on the job, or you can use a nice combination of Perl and shell shell scripting." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4953 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The following little bit will replace every reference to kde2 with kde3 in all files that have the file type .txt for F in *.txt; do perl -pi.bak -e 's/kde2/kde3/g' $F;done What's fine about this command is that the original file is left untouched (neither written over or deleted), rather it is given an extra ending, that is, .txt.bak. This is nice especially when you find out that your change wasn't the right thing to do afterall- but you did do a backup anyway, right? See" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4963 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Contribute to this document and &slx;[id=contribute]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4965 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Translate" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4966 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once I'm done with the rewrite and crude translation to English, the tools sgml2xml and poxml will be used so that this file easily can be translated to any language" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4967 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "The id= tags in the titles will be removed when I'm done with the rewrite, they are there so that I can better organise the layout of the doument, the FIXME-notes will also be fixed, later." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4970 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Test &slx; on your computer with an emulator, qemu" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4971 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Get latest version from http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu/, at the time of writing that is 0.6.0" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4972 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Unpack, and create a disk that is big enough, dd of=/tmp/disk1 bs=1024 seek=600000 count=0 This will create a 6GB disk; the funny thing is that this size is not \"real\" before you start filling it up inside qemu. That means you can actually create a bigger qemu-disk than your physical disk. Before you create the qemu-disk, you can check your available space with df -h and do the same after you have created a 6BG qemu-disk, you will see the same space is available. The space is not used before you start installing something into qemu- very nice!" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4976 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Either download a iso-image to you harddrive, /usr/local/bin/qemu -m 128 -boot d -cdrom /tmp/skolelinux-i386-release-1.0.iso -hda /tmp/disk1which will start a &slx; install with 128MB ram onto qemu-disk /tmp/disk, if you are going to try a Thinclient install, you will need two &nic;s in your qemu, add the option -nics 2" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4978 #, no-c-format #. Tag: para msgid "Once you are done with firststage in qemu, you need to start secondstage with /usr/local/bin/qemu -m 128 -cdrom /tmp/skolelinux-i386-release-1.0.iso -hda /tmp/disk1 otherwise, it will not boot from the harddrive, but from the CD-ROM again." msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4984 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "Screenshots" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4989 #, no-c-format #. Tag: title msgid "install_without_autopartkit.txt[id=withoutautopartkit]" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4996 #, no-c-format #. Tag: phrase msgid "FIXME 110: description of image" msgstr "" #: newdriftbok.en.sgml:4999 #, no-c-format #. Tag: programlisting msgid "" "" msgstr ""